Browsing by Author "Hattaya Dumrongphol"

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    Alteration of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in rabies viral-infected dog brains
    (1996-01-01) Hattaya Dumrongphol; Anan Srikiatkhachorn; Thiravat Hemachudha; Naiphinich Kotchabhakdi; Piyarat Govitrapong; The Institute of Science and Technology for Research and Development, Mahidol University; Chulalongkorn University
    Functions of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) were studied in rabid dog brains using [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) as a radioligand. Of various brain regions, hippocampus and brainstem were the areas mostly affected in terms of impaired specific binding to [3H]QNB, as compared to other regions, as well as to those of controls. Saturation studies of the hippocampus revealed significantly elevated dissociation equilibrium constant (K(d)) values in both furious (n = 5) (9.80 ± 2.77 nM) and dumb (n = 6) (6.01 ± 1.08 nM) types of rabies as compared to 11 controls (2.15 ± 0.31 nM), whereas the maximum number of receptor sites (B(max)) values were comparable among all subgroups of normal (1.38 ± 0.10 pmol/mg protein), dumb (1.43 ± 0.17 pmol/mg protein) and furious (1.28 ± 0.12 pmol/mg protein) rabies types. Hippocampal K(d) values were comparable between high (fluorescent antibody test-FAT and polymerase chain reaction-PCR positive; n = 4) (7.47 ± 3.27 nM), and low (FAT-negative and PCR-positive; n = 4) virus amount (8.34 ± 3.93 nM) but these were significantly higher than controls (n = 4) (1.58 ± 0.17 nM). Our data suggest a functional derangement of mAChR at specific sites of hippocampus and brainstem which is not dependent on the amount of virus.
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    Factors affecting self-esteem and adjustment of adolescents in Southern welfare school
    (Mahidol University. Mahidol University Library and Knowledge Center, 2010) Sujinda Youngjeen; Sawitri Thayansin; Banyat Yongyuan; Hattaya Dumrongphol
    The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between self-esteem and adjustment, and also analyze the influence of factors related to self- esteem and adjustment among adolescents aged 12-18. The subjects of this study are adolescents aged 12 - 18 years who are studying in year 1 to 6 in Southern Welfare School. The sample is 401 students, about 69.3 percent studying in year 1-3. 68.35 percent were female and 65.10 percent were aged 12-15. The majority of adolescents in this study are at a medium level of self-esteem (62.6%) and adjustment (64.8%). 16.7% of students had a high level of self-esteem and 17.5% had a high adjustment score. The study shows a positive relationship between self-esteem and adjustment of adolescents with statistical significance (p=0.01). Adolescents who showed high self- esteem were more likely to have a high adjustment score. Results of multiple regression analysis indicate that variables which show statistically significant relationships with adolescent self-esteem include body image, educational achievement, talent, relationships with guardians, relationships with teachers, and relationships with friends. Variables that influence the adjustment of adolescents with statistical significance are age, body image, relationships with guardians, relationships with friends, school environment, and self-esteem. These variables can be developed to promote self-esteem and adjustment of adolescents in welfare schools. Therefore, the teacher or school should have activities to help the development of self-esteem and adjustment for them. There should be coordination between the welfare school and guardians to support the relationship between guardians and adolescents.
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    Family, life and function issues of men who have sex with men
    (Mahidol University. Mahidol University Library and Knowledge Center, 2010) Naphawee Srichannil; Wimontip Musikaphan; Sawitri Thayansin; Hattaya Dumrongphol
    This research aims to examine the life of male homosexuals regarding their 2 aspects of relationship, including family factors influencing the prevalence of homosexuality and roles of male homosexuals to the family functions. The researcher had an in-depth interview with 20 male homosexuals. The data obtained was compared to find out the conclusions of all issues in relation to the family, life and roles of male homosexual. The results were presented in the descriptive pattern. The results of this research were as follows: 1. Almost half of male homosexuals had a normal birth, but low birth weight. Over half of male homosexuals had family members and relatives who were homosexuals on both the fathers and mothers side of the family. 2. During childhood, male homosexuals had detachment from their father, but close to their mother. Most of the male homosexuals were polite, shy, disliked strength-oriented activities, associated with female friends, and recognized that they liked the same-gender. During adolescence, they were doubtful about their sex favor; so they tried to search for the information about homosexuality. However, male homosexuals would accept or live a homosexual life once they had a sexual experience with another male homosexual. 3. Male homosexuals have usually suffered the impermanent love relationship, disgust by the society and family acceptance. At the first stage, when the family was aware of homosexuality in any male homosexual, they resisted and tried to stop his homosexuality. However, male homosexuals try to perform the functions of son and daughter simultaneously, and they drive themselves to get acceptance.
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    Glycemic control, quality of life and self-care behavior among adolescents with type 1 diabetes who attended a diabetes camp
    (2012-01-01) Jeerunda Santiprabhob; Pornpimol Kiattisakthavee; Supawadee Likitmaskul; Katharee Chaichanwattanakul; Jirapa Wekawanich; Hattaya Dumrongphol; Apiradee Srijitkamol; Thavatchai Peerapatdit; Wannee Nitiyanant; Mahidol University
    A prospective study was conducted at the tenth Siriraj diabetes camp with the objectives of evaluating the effectiveness of diabetes camp on 1) glycemic control, 2) knowledge, 3) quality of life, and 4) self-care behavior of adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) who participated in the diabetes camp. During the 5-day camp, twenty-seven participants (mean age 15.6±2.1 years, mean duration 6.3±3.0 years) were taught diabetes self-management education (DSME) and engaged in psychosocial support sessions. Post-camp activities were held every 3 months and participants were followed for 12 months post-camp. Glycemic control was assessed prior to the camp, then every 3 months. Knowledge level was assessed prior to the camp, at the end of the camp, and every 3 months. Diabetes self-care behavior and quality of life were evaluated prior to the camp, at 3 months and 12 months after the camp. After attending the camp, participants had improvement in knowledge but there were no changes in HbA1c levels or quality of life scores. Quality of life was not consistently associated with HbA1c. In general, participants did not perceive their quality of life was poor or feel having diabetes affected their social life. The issue participants worried about most was whether they would develop complications from diabetes. There were several weak points found among participant self-care behavior, particularly in diet-related matters. Despite no improvement in glycemic control, participants gained knowledge from attending the camp. Diet related self-care behavior is difficult for teenagers with T1D to be compliant with.
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    Glycemic control, quality of life and self-care behavior among adolescents with type 1 diabetes who attended a diabetes camp.
    (2012-01) Jeerunda Santiprabhob; Pornpimol Kiattisakthavee; Supawadee Likitmaskul; Katharee Chaichanwattanakul; Jirapa Wekawanich; Hattaya Dumrongphol; Apiradee Sriwijitkamol; Thavatchai Peerapatdit; Wannee Nitiyanant; Mahidol University. The National Institute for Child and Family Development; Mahidol University. Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital. Department of Pediatrics; Mahidol University. Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital. Department of Medicine
    A prospective study was conducted at the tenth Siriraj diabetes camp with the objectives of evaluating the effectiveness of diabetes camp on 1) glycemic control, 2) knowledge, 3) quality of life, and 4) self-care behavior of adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) who participated in the diabetes camp. During the 5-day camp, twenty-seven participants (mean age 15.6±2.1 years, mean duration 6.3±3.0 years) were taught diabetes self-management education (DSME) and engaged in psychosocial support sessions. Post-camp activities were held every 3 months and participants were followed for 12 months post-camp. Glycemic control was assessed prior to the camp, then every 3 months. Knowledge level was assessed prior to the camp, at the end of the camp, and every 3 months. Diabetes self-care behavior and quality of life were evaluated prior to the camp, at 3 months and 12 months after the camp. After attending the camp, participants had improvement in knowledge but there were no changes in HbA1c levels or quality of life scores. Quality of life was not consistently associated with HbA1c. In general, participants did not perceive their quality of life was poor or feel having diabetes affected their social life. The issue participants worried about most was whether they would develop complications from diabetes. There were several weak points found among participant self-care behavior, particularly in diet-related matters. Despite no improvement in glycemic control, participants gained knowledge from attending the camp. Diet related self-care behavior is difficult for teenagers with T1D to be compliant with.
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    The influence of developmental assets on self-care agency of elementary school students in Bangkok metropolitan public schools in Ladkrabang zone
    (2012-03) Benjarat Nuchana; Hattaya Dumrongphol; Wimontip Musikaphan; Banyat Yongyuan; Mahidol University. National Institute for Child and Family Development
    Self-care agency means the students' abilities in doing any activities by himself to pay attention to and maintain his health and safety with his best effort and without relying on others. It is divided into self-care of health, developmental self-care requisites, self-care of learning and self-care of financing. It is almost completely in late childhood. However, self· care agency depends on developn1ental assets in terms of internal factor (power of self) and external factors (power of the family, power of wisdom, power of peer and power of community). The purpose of this research was to study developmental assets and self-care agency of elementary school students and to verify the influence of developmental assets on self-care agency of elementary school students. The participants were 424 students (10-12 years old) from 4 elementary schools of Bangkok metropolitan public schools in Ladkrabang Zone selected by stratified random sampling. The tools used in this research were data collected from questionnaire based surveys of questionnaire about personal factors, Inventory on developmental assets for school-age children studying at Grade 4-6, and inventory for self-care agency. The stepwise multiple regression was utilized to evaluate the influence of developmental assets on self-care agency. The results showed that most participants have high level of developmental assets and rather good self-care agency. Regression showed that power of wisdom, power of self, and power of the family significantly statistically influenced self-care agency. These factors could predict 29.4% of self-care agency (p<0.001). Developmental assets are important factors that create good self-care agency especially power of wisdom. The suggestion from this study is that families, schools and other agencies should promote developmental assets in children because these will help their self-care agency for being a good adult living happily in society.
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    Influence of music training on academic examination-induced stress in Thai adolescents
    (2011-01-10) Janejira Laohawattanakun; Supornpim Chearskul; Hattaya Dumrongphol; Nuanchan Jutapakdeegul; Juntima Yensukjai; Nipaporn Khumphan; Songwit Niltiean; Wipawan Thangnipon; Mahidol University; Trium Udom Suksa Pattanakarn Bangyai School
    Several pieces of evidence suggest that academic examinations fulfill the classical requirement of a psychological stressor. Academic examinations represent a stressful challenge to many students, but studies on examination-dependent corticosteroid response, a sensitive physiological indicator of a stress response, are inconsistent. In addition, several studies showed that music can decrease cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels, and other studies have found that music also may enhance a variety of cognitive functions, such as attention, learning, communication and memory. The present study investigated cortisol response in saliva of Thai adolescents taking academic examinations and analyzed the differences of the stress response between musician and control subjects. Also, we observed whether the academic examination-dependent corticosteroid response affected learning and memory in the test subjects, which comprised 30 musician and 30 control students, age ranging from 15 to 17 years. Mathematical examinations were used as the stressor. Pre- and post-academic examination saliva cortisol levels were measured including self-estimated stress levels. Results showed that the pre-academic examination saliva cortisol concentrations of the musician group are significantly lower than those of the control group, whereas there is no difference in the stress inventory scores. Interestingly, among students with grade point average (GPA) of > 3.50, pre-academic examination cortisol levels are significantly lower in the musician compared with control group. This study suggests that under academic examination-induced stress condition, music training can reduce saliva cortisol level in Thai adolescents. © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
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    Influence of music training on academic examination-induced stress in Thai adolescents.
    (2011) Janejira Laohawattanakun; Supornpim Chearskul; Hattaya Dumrongphol; Nuanchan Jutapakdeegula; Juntima Yensukjai; Nipaporn Khumphan; Songwit Niltiean; Wipawan Thangnipon; Mahidol University. National Institute for Child and Family Development; Mahidol University. Institute of Molecular Biosciences. Research Center for Neuroscience; Mahidol University. Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital. Department of Physiology
    Several pieces of evidence suggest that academic examinations fulfill the classical requirement of a psychological stressor. Academic examinations represent a stressful challenge to many students, but studies on examination-dependent corticosteroid response, a sensitive physiological indicator of a stress response, are inconsistent. In addition, several studies showed that music can decrease cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels, and other studies have found that music also may enhance a variety of cognitive functions, such as attention, learning, communication and memory. The present study investigated cortisol response in saliva of Thai adolescents taking academic examinations and analyzed the differences of the stress response between musician and control subjects. Also, we observed whether the academic examination-dependent corticosteroid response affected learning and memory in the test subjects, which comprised 30 musician and 30 control students, age ranging from 15 to 17 years. Mathematical examinations were used as the stressor. Pre- and post-academic examination saliva cortisol levels were measured including self-estimated stress levels. Results showed that the pre-academic examination saliva cortisol concentrations of the musician group are significantly lower than those of the control group, whereas there is no difference in the stress inventory scores. Interestingly, among students with grade point average (GPA) of >3.50, pre-academic examination cortisol levels are significantly lower in the musician compared with control group. This study suggests that under academic examination-induced stress condition, music training can reduce saliva cortisol level in Thai adolescents.
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    Influence of music training on academic examinations and stress in adolescents
    (Mahidol University. Mahidol University Library and Knowledge Center, 2009) Janejira Laohawattanakun; Wipawan Thangnipon; Naiphinich Kotchabhakdi; Nuanchan Jutapakdeegul; Supornpim Chearskul; Hattaya Dumrongphol
    การศึกษาวิจัยครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ ตรวจสอบการตอบสนองต่อการสอบโดยการวัดระดับฮอร์โมนคอร์ติซอลในเด็กวัยรุ่นไทย และ วิเคราะห์ความแตกต่างต่อการตอบสนองต่อความเครียดระหว่างกลุ่มนักเรียนที่เล่นดนตรีและกลุ่ม ควบคุม โดยสังเกตผลกระทบต่อการเรียนรู้และความจำ ผู้เข้าร่วมการทดลองเป็นนักเรียนที่เล่น ดนตรี จำนวน 30 คนและนักเรียนที่ไม่เล่นดนตรีหรือกลุ่มควบคุม จำนวน 30 คน ซึ่งมีช่วงอายุ ระหว่าง 15-17 ปี การศึกษานี้ทดลองในช่วงที่มีสภาวะตึงเครียดจากการสอบวิชาคณิตศาสตร์ โดย การเก็บตัวอย่างน้ำลายจากนักเรียนทุกคนในช่วงเวลาปกติ ก่อนสอบและหลังสอบ พร้อมกับกรอก ข้อมูลในแบบสอบถามข้อมูลทั่วไปและแบบประเมินความเครียดด้วยตนเอง
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    Parent relationship and family factors affecting the development and emotional quotient in pre-school children
    (Mahidol University. Mahidol University Library and Knowledge Center, 2009) Paiyada Wirutsamee; Banyat Yongyuan; Hattaya Dumrongphol; Wimontip Musikaphan
    This research examined the correlation between parent relationship and family factors affecting the development and emotional quotient in pre-school children; it was conducted in a group of children age 4 to 5 who were studying at schools in Warin Chamrap District of Ubon Ratchathani Province, Thailand. The sample group included 229 pre-school children studying in Kindergarten 1 and 229 mothers. The sample group was selected by Multistage Random Sampling. The research instruments consisted of a questionnaire to find out the parent relationship, DENVER II Assessment Form and the Emotional Quotient Assessment test for children at ages 3-5. The data collection period was from 23 February - 20 March 2009. The data analysis was done through Chi-Square and Multiple Regression Analysis. The results showed that about 55.0% of pre-school children had normal development while 45.0% had suspected delays. The most common developmental delays in those children fell under language development. The second most common developmental delays were the fine motor skill and adaptability. Regarding the emotional quotient in pre-school children, the emotional quotient of 38.4% should be encouraged, while 34.1% must be encouraged, and 27.5% had a good emotional quotient. According to the correlation between parent relationship and family factors affecting pre-school children, the family income was the single issue significantly correlated to the development of pre-school children at a statistically significant level of 0.05 (X = 20.416). Regarding the correlation between parent relationship and family factors affecting the emotional quotient of pre-school children, the parent relationship in terms of family cohesion and parent communications were the variables positively and significantly affecting the emotional quotient of pre-school children at a statistically significant level of 0.05 (b = 0.593, 2.129, respectively). In respect to family factors, it was found that the family income was a factor negatively and significantly affecting the emotional quotient of pre-school children at a statistical significantly level of 0.05 (b = -1.245). Finally, the parent relationship and family factors could jointly forecast the emotional quotient in pre-school children with the forecast value at 5.9% (R Square = 0.059).
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    Platelet serotonin transporter in schizophrenic patients with and without neuroleptic treatment
    (2002-07-25) Piyarat Govitrapong; Sujira Mukda; Wanpen Turakitwanakan; Hattaya Dumrongphol; Chittin Chindaduangratn; Yupin Sanvarinda; The Institute of Science and Technology for Research and Development, Mahidol University; Srinakharinwirot University; Mahidol University
    Among various hypotheses put forth to account for the etiology of schizophrenia, the abnormal function of serotonergic system has recently gained marked interest. Our previous study showed that drug-free schizophrenic patients had a significant increase in maximum numbers (Bmax) of platelet 5-HT2Areceptors that declined to normal level after treatment with different neuroleptic drugs. To elucidate the role of the serotonin system in schizophrenia, the serotonin transporters on human platelets were examined in this study. Platelet serotonin transporters obtained from normal control subjects and schizophrenic patients were identified by using [3H]imipramine as the radioligand and fluoxetine to define the non-specific binding. The data showed that the mean Bmaxof serotonin transporter sites for schizophrenic patients without neuroleptic therapy was significantly higher than in normal controls. The Bmaxvalues for schizophrenic patients on phenothiazine, butyrophenone, thioxanthene and serotonin-dopamine antagonist (SDA) therapies were significantly lower than the Bmaxvalues obtained from schizophrenic patients without neuroleptic therapy, and were comparable to those found in normal control subjects. The dissociation equilibrium constant (Kd) values in all subject groups remained unchanged. The effect of various medication periods on platelet serotonin transporters was also studied. We found that, Bmaxvalues of 1-4 weeks, 1-4 months, 4-12 months and >1 year of neuroleptic therapies were significantly decreased when compared with the unmedicated group. Significant reduction of brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS) occurred in all types of neuroleptics and every period of drug treatments compared with the unmedicated group. The present results indicate that alteration of platelet serotonin transporters is associated with schizophrenia. Treatment with various types of neuroleptics suppresses the hypersensitivity of platelet serotonin transporters. The mechanisms of how neuroleptics achieve their therapeutic effects, whether they act via or modulate serotonin system in certain brain area, still need to be further evaluated. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder in students 23 months after tsunami
    (2009-12-01) Panom Ketumarn; Nantawat Sitdhiraksa; Natthorn Pithayaratsathien; Vinadda Piyasilpa; Rattanothai Plubrukan; Hattaya Dumrongphol; Sarinee Rungsri; Sirina Satthapisit; Chanvit Pornnoppadol; Sucheera Phattharayuttawat; Mahidol University; Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health; King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University; Khon Kaen Regional Hospital; Phranakhon Sri Ayutthaya Hospital
    Objective: To study the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the 4th-9th grade students in an affected school 23 months after tsunami. Method: Two-stage screening procedure was used in a diagnostic study designed to identify post-traumatic stress disorder in the 4th-9th grade students in a school in Takaupa district, Phang Nga province, 23 months after the 2004 tsunami. Impact of Events Scale (IES) was used as a screening questionnaire in the first stage. In the second stage, the students were assessed by a psychiatrist to identify PTSD according to DSM-IV criteria. SPSS 10.0, inferential statistics and Chi-square test were used to analyze the data. Result: A total of 436 students participated in the study. Forty of them were diagnosed with PTSD. The prevalence of PTSD was 15.1%. The sensitivity, specificity and negative predictive value of IES were 0.75, 0.54 and 0.92 respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of PTSD in students in a school 23 months after tsunami was 15.1%. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Relationship between personal characteristics family context and cyber-bullying among secondary and vocational students in Bangkok
    (Mahidol University. Mahidol University Library and Knowledge Center, 2010) Nanthanat Songsiri; Wimontip Musikaphan; Vasunun Chumchua ; Hattaya Dumrongphol
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    The effect of group dynamics on aggressive behavior reduction among slum children
    (Mahidol University. Mahidol University Library and Knowledge Center, 2011) Sarinee Uahkittikul; Hattaya Dumrongphol; Banyat Yongyuan; Wimontip Musikaphan
    การวิจัยนี้เป็นการวิจัยกึ่งทดลอง เพื่อศึกษาผลของกิจกรรมกลุ่มสัมพันธ์ที่มีต่อการลดพฤติกรรม ก้าวร้าวของเด็ก อายุ 9-13 ปี ที่อาศัยอยู่ในชุมชนแออัดแห่งหนึ่งในกรุงเทพมหานคร จำนวน 30 คน แบ่งเป็น กลุ่มทดลองและกลุ่มควบคุม กลุ่มละ 15 คน โดยกลุ่มทดลองเข้าร่วมกิจกรรมกลุ่มสัมพันธ์สัปดาห์ละ 2 ครั้ง ครั้ง ละ 1 ชั่วโมง รวมทั้งหมด 12 ครั้ง ส่วนกลุ่มควบคุม ไม่รับกิจกรรมใดๆ เลย ทำการประเมินพฤติกรรมด้วยแบบ วัดพฤติกรรมก้าวร้าว ก่อนการทดลอง และหลังจากสิ้นสุดการทดลองทันที วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดยใช้การแจกแจง ความถี่, ร้อยละ, ค่าเฉลี่ย, ส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน, Chi-square test, Independent t-test และ Paired t-test ผลการวิจัยพบว่า ภายหลังการทดลอง กลุ่มทดลองมีคะแนนความก้าวร้าวเฉลี่ยลดลงกว่าก่อนการ ทดลองอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (p-value < 0.05) และเมื่อเปรียบเทียบระหว่างกลุ่มทดลองและกลุ่มควบคุม พบว่า กลุ่มทดลองมีคะแนนความก้าวร้าวต่ำกว่ากลุ่มควบคุมอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (p-value < 0.05) จากผลการวิจัยแสดงว่า การเข้าร่วมกิจกรรมกลุ่มสัมพันธ์เพื่อลดพฤติกรรมก้าวร้าว สามารถช่วย ลดพฤติกรรมก้าวร้าวของเด็กในชุมชนแออัดได้ หน่วยงานที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการพัฒนาเด็ก อันได้แก่ ครอบครัว สถานศึกษา และชุมชน สามารถนำโปรแกรมกิจกรรมกลุ่มสัมพันธ์ไปประยุกต์ใช้เป็นแนวทางแก้ไขปัญหาและ ปฏิบัติการปรับพฤติกรรมก้าวร้าว สอนให้เด็กเรียนรู้เทคนิคการควบคุมตนเอง พัฒนาความคิด ค่านิยม และ พฤติกรรมที่เหมาะสม อันจะสามารถพัฒนาตนเองสู่การเป็นมนุษย์ที่มีคุณค่าในฐานะเยาวชนและพลเมืองที่ดีของ ประเทศชาติต่อไป
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    The influence of personal factors and temperament on adversity quoient in college student of dramatic art in central area
    (Mahidol University. Mahidol University Library and Knowledge Center, 2014) Niccha Ingsutham; Hattaya Dumrongphol; Wimontip Musikaphan; Supalak Khemthong
    The purpose of this research was to study the temperament and adversity quotient of grade 7-9 students and to verity the influence of temperament on the adversity quotient of these student. The participants were 510 students (12-15 years old) from four elementary school in a college of dramatic arts in the central area who were selected b purposive sampling. Data was collected from a questionnaire based survey of personal factors, temperament and adversity quotient. Stepwise multiple regression was utilized to evaluate the influence of temperament on adversity quotient. The result showed 80.2% participants were found to have a high level of temperament and 48.8% have a high level of adversity quotient. Multiple regression showed that (1) effortful control and affiliativeness significantly statistically influence control of adversity quotient and these can predict 19.4% of the control of adversity quotient (p<.001) (2) effortful control and affiliativeness significantly statistically influenced origin and ownership of adversity quotient and these can predict 15.6% of origin and ownership of adversity quotient (p<.001) (3) affiliativeness and effort control significantly statistically influenced the research of adversity quotient and these can predict 11.9% of the reach of adversity quotient (p<.001) (4) affiliativeness, effort control and negative affectivity significantly statistically influenced and endurance of adversity quotient and these can predict 14.3% of the endurance of adversity quotient (p.001) In summary, temperament in an important factor that creates good a adversity quotient, especially effort control. The suggestion from this study is that families, schools and other agencies should promote temperament in children because this will help their adversity quotient for being a good adult living happily in society.
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    The relationship between the perception of bullying behaviors and the actual bullying behaviors among groups of students in Chiangmai
    (Mahidol University. Mahidol University Library and Knowledge Center, 2007) Patra Junlapiya; Sairudee Vorakitphokatorn; Kaewta Nopmaneejumruslers; Hattaya Dumrongphol
    This research was conducted to examine the relationship between perceptions of bullying behaviors and actual bullying behaviors among groups of Chiang Mai students. 222 Prathom 6 and Matayom 3 students and 8 teachers of School A and B situated in Muang district, Chiang Mai, served as the research subjects. Focus groups and questionnaires were used as research tools with the students, while in-depth interviews were used with both the students and teachers. The research findings show that the students often perceived bullying behavior at school. 48.1% of the bullying behaviors were conducted by a group of 2-3 students. When perceiving bullying acts, the students preferred sharing their experience with friends. 62.7% of the bully victims were seldom bullied. Mockery was identified as the most performed bullying act. 56.7% of the students seldom bullied other students. Locations where bullying occurred and were perceived included classrooms with no presence of teachers, hallways or stairways, fields, toilets and canteens. The research also indicates a relationship between the perception of bullying behaviors and the actual bullying behaviors at the significance of 0.01. This signifies that the more bullying behaviors the students have perceived or observed, the more often they will themselves perform bullying behaviors. The research findings suggest campaigns against bullying behaviors should be carried out to raise awareness among teachers, parents and students to create a social norm which considers bullying behaviors as non-acceptable and encourages effective solutions to behavioral problems. Bullying behavior prevention courses should be implemented at schools to follow up the problem in the long term.