Browsing by Author "Santasiri Sornmani"

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    The cost of dengue hemorrhagic fever in Thailand
    (1997-12-01) Kamolnetr Okanurak; Santasiri Sornmani; Kaemthong Indaratna; Mahidol University; Chulalongkorn University
    The economic burden of DHF patients and of the Thai government in providing treatment and prevention and control of dengue hemorrhagic fever were assessed. Patient burden was reported by caretakers who stayed with the patients when they were admitted to three hospitals: Children's Hospital in Bangkok; Suphan Buri Provincial Hospital and Don Chedi Community Hospital, Don Chedi District in Suphan Buri Province. The hospital costs - medicine and laboratory costs - were collected from the treatment forms and the routine service cost was estimated by the staff of the hospitals. Cost of prevention and control were compiled from the budget report of Departments of the Ministry of Public Health and the Ministry of Interior. Based on 184 DHF patients admitted at the three hospitals, the direct patient costs - treatment cost and the costs of travel, food and lodging - was 66.99 US$ and 61.02 US$ per patient for one episode of DHF in Bangkok and Suphan Buri, respectively. The total patient costs - direct patient costs and opportunity costs were 118.29 US$ for a child patient and 161.49 US$ for an adult patient in Bangkok, 102.82 US$ for a child patient and 138.02 US$ for an adult patient in Suphan Buri. The net hospital cost in providing treatment for each DHF patient was 54.6 US$ and 38.65 US$ in Bangkok and Suphan Buri, respectively. The total cost of prevention and control of DHF in Thailand from government agencies in 1994 was 4.8724 million US$. Based on these findings, the whole expenditure of Thailand for DHF in 1994, would be at least 12.596 million US$, of which 54.8% was from the government budget, the rest, 45.2%, was the expenses paid by 51,688 patients and their families. The study concluded that in recording the economic loss of DHF both the expenditures of the government and also the patient costs - direct and indirect - should be taken into account.
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    The effect of controlled release copper sulphate and tributyltin fluoride on the mortality and infectivity of Schistosoma mansoni cercariae
    (1982-01-01) Vithoon Viyanant; Sanam Thirachantra; Santasiri Sornmani; Mahidol University
    Mortality and infectivity or Schistosoma mansoni cercariae were tested against various concentrations of controlled release copper sulphate (EC-8) and tributyltin fluoride (CBL-9B). The results indicate that survival of cercariae varied with concentrations of molluscicide and times of exposures. Statistical analysis reveals that LC50and LC90for EC-8 were 1.18 mg/l/hour and 1.82 mg/l/hour while LC50and LC90forCBL-9B were 16.8/ug/l/hour and 21.7/ug/l/hour respectively. Sublethal concentration of both molluscicides reduced cercarial infectivity considerably. The doses of 0.25 to 0.5mg/l/hour for EC-8 and 2.0 to 6.0/ug/l/hour for CBL-9B were found to be sufficient to inhabit cercarial penetration of the host skin. © 1982, Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.
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    Infection of aquatic hydrobiid snails and animals with Schistosoma japonicum-like parasites from Khong Island, Southern Laos
    (1972-01-01) Chamlong Harinasuta; Santasiri Sornmani; Viroj Kitikoon; Curt R. Schneider; Ounhuan Pathammavong; Mahidol University; Smithsonian Institution; Service National de Laboratoires de Santé Publique
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    Mekong schistosomiasis. III: A parasitological survey of domestic water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) on Khong island, Laos
    (1975-01-01) Curt R. Schneider; Viroj Kitikoon; Santasiri Sornmani; Sanam Thirachantra; Smithsonian Institution; Mahidol University
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    Notes for the APCO Training Course on parasite control and integrated project
    (1995) Chumlong Harinasuta; Suvajra Vajrasthira; Santasiri Sornmani; Prasert Setasuban; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Helminthology
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    Proceedings of the workshop on development of early diagnosis and management of cholangiocarcinoma associated with opisthorchiasis
    (1990) Santasiri Sornmani; Thanongsak Bunnag; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine
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    Relationship of "weight for height" to "height for age" - a longitudinal study
    (1986-01-01) Frank P. Schelp; Praneet Pongpaew; Niyomsri Vudhivai; Santasiri Sornmani; Freie Universitat Berlin; Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH; Mahidol University
    The development of four age cohorts of preschool children from 0 to 5, 6 to 11, 12 to 23 and 24 to 60 months according to weight for height and height for age, as well as weight for age, was followed for 1 year. All nutritional parameters declined in the two cohorts 0 to 5 and 6 to 11 month-old children. Weight for height recovered subsequently to almost the same level as that of the North American children in the age groups 12 to 60 months, whereas the age dependent parameters remained well below the North American standard. The individual variations of weight for height and height for age were followed up in 6 case studies for 20 months. It appears that the organism gives main priority to an optimal relationship of weight to height either, by reducing the growth spurt as was observed over the observation period, or, by limiting growth altogether. The phenomenom of "stunting" is interpreted as an adaptation process which is not necessarily due to undernourishment in the past. If the nutritional status is assessed by the parameter weight for age, investigators must recognize fully its limitations. © 1986 Pergamon Press Ltd.
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    Social and economic aspects of malaria control
    (1991) Santasiri Sornmani; Wijitr Funglada; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Social and Environmental Medicine
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    Social and economic impact of dengue haemorhagic fever in Thailand
    (1995) Santasiri Sornmani; Kamolnetr Okanurak; Kaemthong Indaratna; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Social and Economic Research Unit
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    Specific monoclonal antibodies to Opisthorchis viverrini
    (1991-01-01) Wanpen Chaicumpa; Yuwaporn Ruangkunaporn; Thareerat Kalambaheti; Suvit Limavongpranee; Viroj Kitikoon; Srisin Khusmith; Swangjai Pungpak; Manas Chongsa-Nguan; Santasiri Sornmani; Mahidol University
    A Balb/c mouse was immunized with a crude soluble antigen of Opisthorchis viverrini adult worms (OVAA) over a period of 7 months. Spleen cells from the immune mouse were fused with Sp2/0 myeloma cells. Among the 264 tissue culture wells containing the fused cells, cells of 96 wells (36%) produced antibodies to the immunizing agent. Antibodies produced by cells in several wells reacted with antigens from other species of parasite. Cells of 17 wells produced antibodies specific only to OVAA, thus cells from three representative wells were cloned by limiting dilution. Hybrids obtained produced antibodies which could be classified according to their tissue specificities into three groups. The first group of antibodies reacted strongly to the worm integument and weakly with the muscles while those belonging to the second group reacted only to muscles of the worms. The monoclonal antibodies of the third group gave a positive reaction to both muscles and tegument. © 1991.
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    Treatment seeking behavior of DHF patients in Thailand
    (1997-06-01) Kamolnetr Okanurak; Santasiri Sornmani; Rungwit Mas-ngammueng; Pongsant Sitaputra; Samart Krachangsang; Jaremate Limsomboon; Mahidol University
    A study on treatment seeking behavior of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) patients was made from 184 clinically diagnosed patients in three hospitals: Children's Hospital, Bangkok; Suphan Buri Provincial Hospital, Suphan Buri Province and Don Chedi Community Hospital in the district of Don Chedi, Suphan Buri Province. The information was collected by interviewing the patients' caretakers while they were attending the patients in the hospitals, using a series of closed- and open-ended questions. Based on the first place of treatment, five patterns of treatment seeking behavior were identified, the most common one was using the clinic as the first step. Different patterns of treatment seeking behavior had the impact on the duration of illness, the number of steps in seeking treatment and the direct patient costs. The socio-demographic characteristics of the patient's caretaker that influenced the decision making to take treatment alternatives included the level of education, occupation, residential area and lay symptom assessment. In addition, economic factors: the capability to reimburse the cost of treatment, the family income and the financial sources, were also important for caretakers to take into consideration when making treatment choices.
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    Water resources development and its impact on socio-economic and health with reference to Thailand
    (1988) Santasiri Sornmani; Chamlong Harinasuta; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine