Browsing by Author "Suwat Chariyalertsak"

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Acceptability of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis among Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women in Northern Thailand
(2013-10-08) Daniel Yang; Chonlisa Chariyalertsak; Antika Wongthanee; Surinda Kawichai; Kriengkrai Yotruean; Pongpun Saokhieo; Thomas Guadamuz; Voravit Suwanvanichkij; Chris Beyrer; Suwat Chariyalertsak; University of California, San Francisco; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; Chiang Mai University; Thailand Ministry of Public Health; Mahidol University; University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health
Background:Northern Thailand has a high burden HIV epidemic among MSM and TG. Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with tenofovir-emtricitabine has demonstrated efficacy in preventing HIV among MSM and TG in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Determinants of PrEP acceptability are needed to gauge the potential uptake of this prevention strategy.Methods:From January to February 2012, 238 MSM and TG participants, who self-reported as HIV-uninfected or of unknown status, completed a self-administered survey on hand-held computers. Participants were recruited by venue-day-time sampling and asked to rate their likelihood of using oral PrEP for HIV prevention with an efficacy of 50%. PrEP acceptability was defined as being "very likely" to use PrEP. Odds ratios and 95% CIs were calculated to identify correlates of acceptability.Results:131 MSM and 107 TG responded, with mean ages of 23.7 and 21.8, respectively. 24% of MSM engaged primarily in receptive anal sex vs. 74% of TG. 21% of MSM and 44% of TG reported regular medication use. Prior awareness of PrEP was high at 66% among both MSM and TG respondents. 41% of MSM and 37% of TG were "very likely" to use PrEP. Among MSM, factors associated with PrEP acceptability included a prior history of STIs (AOR 4.6; 95%CIs 1.7-12.6), previous HIV testing (AOR 2.4 95%CIs 1.1-5.3), regularly planned sex (AOR 2.8 95%CIs 1.1-7.2), and infrequent sex (AOR 2.9 95%CIs 1.3-6.3). Among TG, factors associated with acceptability included prior awareness of PrEP (AOR 3.3; 95%CIs 1.2-9.0) and having private insurance (AOR 5.0; 95%CIs 1.3-19.0).Conclusion:MSM and TG in Northern Thailand are distinct groups in terms of sexual behaviors, patterns of medication use, and correlates of PrEP acceptability. Efforts to maximize PrEP uptake should include expanded HIV testing services and the provision of financial subsidies to reduce the cost of PrEP. © 2013 Yang et al.
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Author Correction: Women and other risk factors for chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology in Thailand: National Health Examination V Survey (Scientific Reports, (2021), 11, 1, (21366), 10.1038/s41598-021-00694-9)
(2021-12-01) Wichai Aekplakorn; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Pattapong Kessomboon; Sawitri Assanangkornchai; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Nareemarn Neelapaichit; Anchalee Chittamma; Chagriya Kitiyakara; Ramathibodi Hospital; Chulalongkorn University; Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University; Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkia University; Chiang Mai University
The original version of this Article contained an error in Affiliation 6, which was incorrectly given as ‘Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi School of Nursing, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand’. The correct affiliation is listed below: Ramathibodi School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand The original Article has been corrected.
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Changes in prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Thai population, 2004-2009: Thai National Health Examination Survey III-IV
(2012-09-01) Wichai Aekplakorn; Rassamee Sangthong; Pattapong Kessomboon; Panwadee Putwatana; Rungkarn Inthawong; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Piyamitr Sritara; Somkiat Sangwatanaroj; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Mahidol University; Prince of Songkla University; Khon Kaen University; National Health Examination Survey Office; Chulalongkorn University; Chiang Mai University
Objective: To determine the changes in prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension and their metabolic risk factors in Thai population between 2004 and 2009. Methods: The Thai National Health Examination Survey (NHES) in 2004 and 2009 data were used. Blood pressure and anthropometric measurements were performed. Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension of Thai population aged at least 15 years were calculated. Analyses were weighted to the probability of sampling. Results: The prevalence of hypertension in 2004 and 2009 were relatively stable at approximately 21.0%. There was improvement in awareness of hypertension, from 18.2% for men and 33.0% for women in 2004 to 39.5 and 59.4% in 2009, respectively. The high blood pressure control rates improved from 4.8 to 14.4% for men and from 10.8 to 27.2% for women, respectively (all P < 0.05). The improvement in awareness, treatment and control of hypertension was also observed in individuals with diabetes, obesity and hypercholesterolemia. However, among hypertensive individuals, there were increases in proportions of obesity (BMI ≥ 25kg/m) between two surveys: from 39.1 to 47.5% in men and from 54.6 to 62.9% in women, respectively (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION:: Despite improvement in awareness and control of hypertension in Thai population, a large proportion of hypertensive individuals remained suboptimally controlled. Strengthening measures to control high blood pressure and metabolic risk factors, especially obesity and hypercholesterolemia, in individuals with hypertension are needed. © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
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Characteristics and determinants of Thailand's declining birth rate in women age 35 to 59 years old: Data from the fourth national health examination survey
(2014-01-01) Kriengkrai Correction Srithanaviboonchai; Wanchai Moongtui; Ratana Panpanich; Jiraporn Suwanteerangkul; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Rassamee Sangthong; Pattapong Kessomboon; Panwadee Putwatana; Jiraluck Nontarak; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Wichai Aekplakorn; Rungkarn Inthawong; Jiraluck Nonthaluck; Supornsak Tipsukum; Yawarat Porrapakkham; Kanittha Thaikla; Wongsa Laohasiriwong; Wanlop Jaidee; Sutthinan Srathonghon; Somdej Pinitsoontorn; Piyathida Kuhirunyaratn; Sauwanan Bumrerraj; Amornrat Rattanasiri; Suchad Paileeklee; Bangornsri Jindawong; Napaporn Krusun; Weerapong Seeupalat; Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong; Mafausis Dueravee; Somrat Lertmaharit; Vilai Chinveschakitvanich; Onuma Zongram; Nuchanad Hounnaklang; Sukarin Wimuktayon; Chalermsri Nuntawan; Karn Chaladthanyagid; Chiang Mai University; Prince of Songkla University; Khon Kaen University; Mahidol University; National Health Examination Survey Office; Chulalongkorn University
Objective: To describe characteristics and determinants of Thailand's declining birth rate using national representative survey data. Material and Method: The Fourth National Health Examination Survey was conducted between 2008 and 2009. Four stages of stratified probability samples, proportionate to size, were used to represent the whole Thai population. Information from women aged 35 to 59 years old was included in the analysis. Curve estimation was used to characterize the correlation between the number of children ever born and the age of married and un-married women. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of having fewer than two children among ever married women. Results: Of all 4120 women, the number of children decreased sharply among the oldest women aged 45 to 59 years old, decreased less sharply for women younger than 45 years of age, reached the lowest level at the age of 37 and 38 years old, and then increased minimally among the younger women surveyed. Among those who were ever married (n = 3,761), the independent predictors of having one or no child instead of having two or more children were aged 45 to 49 compared to 50 to 59 years old (OR = 1.66; 95% CI = 1.37-2.00), age 35 to 44 compared to 50 to 59 years old (OR = 1.39; 95% CI = 1.16-1.68), living in households with wealth index level 3 compared to level 1 (OR = 1.28; 95% CI = 1.01-1.63), urban residence (OR = 1.33; 95% CI = 1.14-1.57), attaining secondary school education (OR = 1.35; 95% CI = 1.11-1.64), and having junior college diploma or higher level of education compared to elementary or no education (OR = 1.81; 95% CI = 1.39-2.34). Conclusion: Birth rate of Thai women declined steeply in the past then less steeply, and might have begun to rise minimally in recent years. Younger age, living in an urban area, and having higher socioeconomic status were predictors of having fewer than two children.
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Epidemiology of travelers' diarrhea in Thailand
(2009-05-01) Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Edward Mcneil; Somboon Aiyarak; Songwut Hutamai; Herbert L. Dupont; Zhi Dong Jiang; Thareerat Kalambaheti; Wittavat Tonyong; Sumit Thitiphuree; Robert Steffen; Prince of Songkla University; Chiang Mai University; Phuket Provincial Health Office; Office of Disease Control; University of Texas System; St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital Houston; Baylor College of Medicine; Mahidol University; Bangkok Hospital Phuket; Institut fur Sozial- und Praventivmedizin
Background Current data on risk of travelers' diarrhea (TD) among visitors to Thailand largely comes from US military personnel, Peace Corps volunteers, or expatriates. We performed a 14-month systematic study of the incidence rate and characteristics of TD and a smaller study of etiology of the disease among visitors to Phuket and Chiang Mai. Methods One randomly selected day each week from August 2005 until October 2006, data were collected from foreign tourists departing from airports serving Phuket and Chiang Mai. A separate subgroup of subjects with TD acquired in Phuket were invited to submit a stool sample for enteropathogens. Results Based on 22,401 completed questionnaires, the attack rate for TD was highest among residents from Australia or New Zealand (16%), while those from the United States and Europe had attack rates of 7% to 8%. Independent risk factors for the development of TD were eating outside the hotel and eating meat. In contrast, a history of drinking tap water and consuming ice cream were protective. In 56 subjects studied for etiology, Aeromonas spp were found in 8 subjects (14%), enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) or Vibrio spp each was found in 7 (13%) with O1 V. cholera (cholera) seen in one, mixed pathogens were found in 3 (5%), with no pathogen being detected in 33 (59%). Conclusions Phuket and Chiang Mai should not be considered high-risk destinations for development of TD among US and European travelers to Thailand. In the study, Aeromonas, ETEC, and Vibrio spp were the most frequent enteropathogens identified. © 2009 International Society of Travel Medicine.
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Evaluation of counseling, care, treatment and support for PLHIV in Thailand. Evaluation report.
(The National AIDS Management Center (NAMc), 2013) Supattra Srivanichakorn; Bang-on Thepthien; Kanya Apipornchaikul; Phusit Prakorngsai; Sawalak Huntagoon; Kumaree Pachanee; Pakwimon Subhaluksuksakorn; Umaporn Udomsuppayakul; Weerawat Manosuthi; Vipa Danthamrongkul; Anan Muangmoonchai; Sureerat Trimucka; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Mahidol University. ASEAN Institute for Health Development
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Health behaviors among short- and long- term ex-smokers: Results from the Thai National Health Examination Survey IV, 2009
(2012-07-01) Rassamee Sangthong; Wit Wichaidit; Edward McNeil; Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Pattapong Kessomboon; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Panwadee Putwatana; Wichai Aekplakorn; Prince of Songkla University; Chiang Mai University; Khon Kaen University; Chulalongkorn University; Mahidol University
Background: Although numerous studies have shown the health behaviors of ex-smokers to be better than those in regular smokers, the differences in health behaviors among ex-smokers at varying durations of cessation have not been investigated. This study aims to examine the relationship between different durations of smoking cessation and health behaviors. Methods: Data on dietary intake, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and smoking behavior from the Thai National Health Examination Survey IV for subjects aged 15-98. years (n= 19 371) were included in the analysis. Trends between health behaviors among regular smokers, ex-smokers with different durations of smoking ( < 1. year, 1-10. years, > 10. years), and never smokers were tested. Logistic regression models adjusted for sex, age, and economic status were used. Results: The prevalences of regular smoking, ex-smoking, and never smoking were 22.3%, 12% , and 65.7%, respectively. A trend was found for consumption of fruit, beans and meats, dairy and soy milk, whole-grain products, nutritional supplements, and eating habits. Average daily alcohol consumption (g) was lowest among ex-smokers who had quit for > 10. years ex-smokers (16.4) followed by 1-10. years ex-smokers (27.2), and < 1. year ex-smokers (33.7). Conclusion: A longer duration of smoking cessation correlated with better health behaviors. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.
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High prevalence of drink-driving in Thailand
(1999-09-01) Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong; Skulrat Ritsmitchai; Paibul Suriyawongpaisal; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Weerachai Kosuwan; Porapan Punyaratabandhu; Wiwat Sutiwipakorn; Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkia University; Mahidol University; Chiang Mai University; Prince of Songkla University
This study was conducted to measure the prevalence of drivers with a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) over 50mg/dl and to identify predictors for such an outcome. A cross-sectional study was conducted during March to August 1995 in eight provinces in Thailand. In each province, with the collaboration of the police, one checkpoint in a suburban area and one on a highway were used to collect data on drivers of 20 motorcycles, 20 4-wheel and 20 6 + -wheel motor vehicles, during 1300-1500h, 1700-1900h and 2200-2400h. For each subject, a breath test for alcohol was undertaken using standard breath testing instruments. Four thousand, six hundred and seventy-five male drivers were tested. The crude prevalence of high BAC was 12.6% (range 4.5-23.7%). The differences in prevalence between the suburban area (8.7%) and the highway (8.4%) and between drivers tested on weekdays (9.8%) and on holidays (7.5%) were not statistically significant. The crude prevalences were 3.4-3.8% and 3.8-3.9% at 1300-1500h and 1700-1900h, respectiveiy. During 2200-2400h the prevalence rose to 19.2%, 16.0% and 11.9% among the motorcyclists, the 4-wheel vehicle drivers and the 6 + -wheel vehicle drivers, respectively. High BAC among Thai drivers in the study period was very common, especially at night. Efforts should be focused on these high-risk groups and this time period.
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Incidence of hip fracture in Chiang Mai
(2002-05-01) Sampant Phadungkiat; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Rajata Rajatanavin; Korku Chiengthong; Paibul Suriyawongpaisal; Patarawan Woratanarat; Chiang Mai University; Mahidol University
The reported incidence of hip fracture varies to a large extent across regions. Most studies relied on hospital data under the assumption that nearly all cases of hip fracture get access to hospital care. As in many developing countries, a number of hip fracture cases in Thailand might not seek care in hospitals due to geographical, socio-cultural and financial barriers. Therefore, using hospital data alone, could lead to under estimation of the magnitude of hip fracture. This study was undertaken to obtain such information using a combined method of hospital discharge survey and a cross sectional community survey. It resulted in an estimated incidence of 151.2 per 100,000 (9.5% CI 136.7-167.2) from the hospital survey and 185.2 per 100,000 (95% CI 138.1-247.6) from the community survey. In comparison to developed countries, age-adjusted incidence of hip fracture in this study was markedly lower than that reported from developed countries. It was argued that different degree of urbanization might explain the discrepancy. This implicated promotion of physical activity as a public health measure to prevent hip fracture.
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Increasing glycaemia is associated with a significant decline in HDL cholesterol in women with prediabetes in two national populations
(2021-12-01) Chaiwat Washirasaksiri; Weerachai Srivanichakorn; Ian F. Godsland; Chayanis Kositamongkol; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Pattapong Kessomboon; Sawitri Assanangkornchai; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Nareemarn Neelapaichit; Pochamana Phisalprapa; Desmond G. Johnston; Nick S. Oliver; Wichai Aekplakorn; Ramathibodi Hospital; Siriraj Hospital; Chulalongkorn University; Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University; Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkia University; Imperial College Faculty of Medicine; Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; Chiang Mai University
Internationally, studies have shown associations between lipids and glycemia; however, whether the link varies by gender and population has been rarely examined. We investigated relationships between glycemia and HDL- and Non-HDL-cholesterol and their modification by gender. We undertook a cross-sectional analysis from the National Health Examination Survey for Thailand (NHES-Thailand) and the Health Survey for England (HS-England) in adults aged 18–75 year. Glycaemia was assessed by FPG in Thailand and by HbA1c in the UK. In population- and gender-stratified analyses, the relationships between glycemia and lipids were explored. A total of 15,145 Thai and 3484 UK adults with blood measurement were included. The prevalences of prediabetes were: in NHES-Thailand, 16% (SE = 0.004), based on FPG (5.6 to < 7.0 mmol/L) and in HS-England, 19% (0.007) based on HbA1c (39 to < 48 mmol/mol). Increasingly abnormal glucose homeostasis was associated with increasing age, adiposity, SBP, proportion of antihypertensive and lipid-lowering agent use and with decreasing HDL-cholesterol. Independent of age, adiposity, smoking, alcohol, physical activity, and lipid and BP lowering drug use, increasing glycemia was associated with decreasing HDL-cholesterol specifically in women with prediabetes (NHES-Thailand, beta-coefficient − 0.07 (95% CI − 0.15, − 0.001) p = 0.04 and HS-England, − 0.03 (− 0.04, − 0.006) p = 0.01). In both populations, among those with prediabetes, increasing glycaemia is associated with an adverse, significant decline in HDL cholesterol, specifically in women. These adverse effects are apparent in widely-differing international populations.
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Late boosting of the RV144 regimen with AIDSVAX B/E and ALVAC-HIV in HIV-uninfected Thai volunteers: a double-blind, randomised controlled trial
(2020-04-01) Punnee Pitisuttithum; Sorachai Nitayaphan; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Jaranit Kaewkungwal; Peter Dawson; Jittima Dhitavat; Benjaluck Phonrat; Siriwat Akapirat; Nicos Karasavvas; Lindsay Wieczorek; Victoria Polonis; Michael A. Eller; Poonam Pegu; Dohoon Kim; Alexandra Schuetz; Surat Jongrakthaitae; Yingjun Zhou; Faruk Sinangil; Sanjay Phogat; Carlos A. Diazgranados; James Tartaglia; Elizabeth Heger; Kirsten Smith; Nelson L. Michael; Jean Louis Excler; Merlin L. Robb; Jerome H. Kim; Robert J. O'Connell; Sandhya Vasan; Arom Pitisuthitham; Yupa Sabmee; Narongrid Sirisopana; Chirapa Eamsila; Prapaporn Savaraj; Wanlaya Labwech; Siriluck Teerachia; Nuntisa Chotirosniramit; Taweewat Supindham; Boonlure Pruenglampoo; Patcharaphan Sugandhavesa; Natthapol Kosashunhanan; Oranitcha Kaewthip; Piyathida Sroysuwan; Pawinee Jarujareet; Silvia Ratto-Kim; Sebastian Molnar; Jesse Schoen; Nampueng Churikanont; Saowanit Getchalarat; Nongluck Sangnoi; Bessara Nuntapinit; Anant Phramtong; Pornsuk V. Grandin; Sirinan Madnote; Surawach Rittiroongrad; Boot Kaewboon; Rapee Trichavaroj; Jiraporn Puangkaew; Somsak Chantakulkij; Phiromrat Rakyat; Pornchanok Panjapornsuk; Nipattra Tragonlugsana; Weerawan Chuenarom; Mark de Souza; Viseth Ngauy; Nittaya Phanuphak; Nitiya Chomchey; Puttachard Saengtawan; Nipat Teeratakulpisarn; Rungsun Rerknimitr; Eugene Kroon; Carter A. Lee; Suchada Chinaworapong; GlaxoSmithKline SpA; International Vaccine Institute, Seoul; Sanofi Pasteur SA; The EMMES Corporation; Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Thailand; HJF; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research; Mahidol University; Chiang Mai University; US Army Medical Materiel Development Activity; Global Solutions for Infectious Diseases
© 2020 Elsevier Ltd Background: The RV144 phase 3 vaccine trial in Thailand demonstrated that ALVAC-HIV (vCP1521) and AIDSVAX B/E administration over 6 months resulted in a 31% efficacy in preventing HIV acquisition. In this trial, we assessed the immunological effect of an additional vaccine boost to the RV144 regimen at varying intervals between the priming vaccine series and the boost. Methods: RV306 is a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised clinical trial done at three clinical sites in Thailand. Eligible volunteers were HIV-uninfected individuals aged 20–40 years who were at low risk for HIV infection and in good health. A randomisation schedule was centrally generated with fixed sized strata for Research Institute for Health Sciences Chiang Mai and combined Bangkok clinics. Participants were randomly assigned to one of five groups and then further randomly assigned to either vaccine or placebo. All participants received the primary RV144 vaccine series at months 0, 1, 3, and 6. Group 1 received no additional boost, group 2 received additional AIDSVAX B/E and ALVAC-HIV (vCP1521) or placebo at month 12, group 3 received AIDSVAX B/E alone or placebo at month 12, group 4a received AIDSVAX B/E and ALVAC-HIV or placebo at month 15, and group 4b received AIDSVAX B/E and ALVAC-HIV or placebo at month 18. Primary outcomes were safety and tolerability of these vaccination regimens and cellular and humoral immune responses compared between the RV144 series alone and regimens with late boosts at different timepoints. Safety and tolerability outcomes were assessed by evaluating local and systemic reactogenicity and adverse events in all participants. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01931358); clinical follow-up is now complete. Findings: Between Oct 28, 2013, and April 29, 2014, 367 participants were enrolled, of whom 27 were assigned active vaccination in group 1, 102 in group 2, 101 in group 3, 52 in group 4a, 51 in group 4b, and 34 combined placebo across all the groups. No vaccine-related serious adverse events were recorded. Occurrence and severity of local and systemic reactogenicity were similar across active groups. Groups with late boosts (groups 2, 3, 4a, and 4b) had increased peak plasma IgG-binding antibody levels against gp70 V1V2 relative to group 1 vaccine recipients with no late boost (gp70 V1V2 92TH023 adjusted p<0·02 for each; gp70 V1V2 CaseA2 adjusted p<0·0001 for each). Boosting at month 12 (groups 2 and 3) did not increase gp120 responses compared with the peak responses after the RV144 priming regimen at month 6; however, boosting at month 15 (group 4a) improved responses to gp120 A244gD– D11 (p=0·0003), and boosting at month 18 (group 4b) improved responses to both gp120 A244gD– D11 (p<0·0001) and gp120 MNgD– D11 (p=0·0016). Plasma IgG responses were significantly lower among vaccine recipients boosted at month 12 (pooled groups 2 + 3) than at month 15 (group 4a; adjusted p<0·0001 for each, except for gp70 V1V2 CaseA2, p=0·0142) and at month 18 (group 4b; all adjusted p<0·001). Boosting at month 18 versus month 15 resulted in a significantly higher plasma IgG response to gp120 antigens (all adjusted p<0·01) but not gp70 V1V2 antigens. CD4 functionality and polyfunctionality scores after stimulation with HIV-1 Env peptides (92TH023) increased with delayed boosting. Groups with late boosts had increased functionality and polyfunctionality scores relative to vaccine recipients with no late boost (all adjusted p<0·05, except for the polyfunctionality score in group 1 vs group 4b, p<0·01). Interpretation: Taken together, these results suggest that additional boosting of the RV144 regimen with longer intervals between the primary vaccination series and late boost improved immune responses and might improve the efficacy of preventing HIV acquisition. Funding: US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and US Department of the Army.
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Metabolic syndrome in Thai adolescents and associated factors: the Thai National Health Examination Survey V (NHES V)
(2021-12-01) Sirinapa Siwarom; Wichai Aekplakorn; Kwanchai Pirojsakul; Witchuri Paksi; Pattapong Kessomboon; Nareemarn Neelapaichit; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Sawitri Assanangkornchai; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Chulalongkorn University; Khon Kaen University; Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; Prince of Songkla University; Chiang Mai University
Background: Presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in early life may influence cardiovascular outcome later in adulthood. There is limited data regarding MetS among Thai adolescents. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MetS and related factors in Thai adolescents. Methods: Data on MetS components of 1934 Thai adolescents aged 10–16 years were obtained from the 5th National Health Examination Survey. Age at first screen time exposure, duration of screen time, frequency of food intake and physical activities were collected from interviews. MetS was defined according to 3 definitions: International Diabetes Federation (IDF), Cook’s, and de Ferranti’s. Results: The prevalence of MetS was 4.1% by IDF, 8.0% by Cook’s, and 16.8% by de Ferranti’s definition. The overall prevalence was higher in male (19.0%) than female adolescents (15.3%). The most common MetS components composition among Thai adolescents was high waist circumference with high serum triglyceride and low HDL-cholesterol (40.0% for IDF, 22.6% for Cook’s and 43.5% for de Ferranti’s definition). Exposure to screen media during the first 2 years of life had a 1.3- fold increased odds of MetS by 1 out of 3 definitions (OR 1.30, 95% CI. 1.01–1.68). Duration of physical activity associated with decreased odds of MetS by Cook’s definition (OR 0.96, 95% CI. 0.92–0.99). Conclusions: The prevalence of MetS among Thai adolescents was higher than previously reported by other studies. Screen media exposure during the first 2 years of life should be discouraged and measures to promote physical activity among children and adolescents should be strengthen.
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Monocyte-derived transcriptome signature indicates antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis as a potential mechanism of vaccine-induced protection against hiv-1
(2021-09-01) Shida Shangguan; Philip K. Ehrenberg; Aviva Geretz; Lauren Yum; Gautam Kundu; Kelly May; Slim Fourati; Krystelle Nganou-Makamdop; Latonya D. Williams; Sheetal Sawant; Eric Lewitus; Punnee Pitisuttithum; Sorachai Nitayaphan; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Supachai Rerks-Ngarm; Morgane Rolland; Daniel Douek; Peter Gilbert; Georgia D. Tomaras; Nelson Michael; Sandhya Vasan; Rasmi Thomas; Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University; Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Thailand; Thailand Ministry of Public Health; HJF; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research; National Institutes of Health (NIH); Duke University School of Medicine; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; Emory University; Chiang Mai University
A gene signature previously correlated with mosaic adenovirus 26 vaccine protection in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and SHIV challenge models in non-human primates (NHP). In this report we investigated presence of this signature as a correlate of reduced risk in human clinical trials and potential mechanisms of protection. The absence of this gene signature in the DNA/rAd5 human vaccine trial, which did not show efficacy, strengthens our hypothesis that this signature is only enriched in studies that demonstrated protection. This gene signature was enriched in the partially effective RV144 human trial that administered the ALVAC/protein vaccine, and we find that the signature associates with both decreased risk of HIV-1 acquisition and increased vaccine efficacy. Total RNA-seq in a clinical trial that used the same vaccine regimen as the RV144 HIV vaccine implicated antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) as a potential mechanism of vaccine protection. CITE-seq profiling of 53 surface markers and transcriptomes of 53,777 single cells from the same trial showed that genes in this signature were primarily expressed in cells belonging to the myeloid lineage, including monocytes, which are major effector cells for ADCP. The consistent association of this transcriptome signature with vaccine efficacy represents a tool both to identify potential mechanisms, as with ADCP here, and to screen novel approaches to accelerate development of new vaccine candidates.
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Prevalence and determinants of overweight and obesity in Thai adults: Results of the Second National Health Examination Survey
(2004-06-01) Wichai Aekplakorn; Yongyuth Chaiyapong; Bruce Neal; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Chaiyos Kunanusont; Wiput Phoolcharoen; Paibul Suriyawongpaisal; Mahidol University; Chulalongkorn University; The University of Sydney; Chiang Mai University; United Nations Population Fund; Health Systems Research Institute
To describe the prevalence of overweight and obesity and examine their relationship with sociodemographic factors in Thai adults. Using data from a cross-sectional survey, the National Health Examination Survey 11 (NHES11), the authors examined the prevalence of overweight (BMI > 25 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) in 3,220 Thai adults aged 20-59 yr. Univariate analyses and Logistic regression models were used to examine the association of overweight and obesity with socio-demographic and behavioral risk factors. The overall age-adjusted prevalence of overweight and obesity were 28. 3% and 6.8% respectively, with a higher prevalence for women than for men (overweight: 33.9% vs 19.2% and obesity: 8.8% vs 3.5%). The prevalence of overweight and obesity was greater among older compared to younger people and among residents of urban (34.8% and 9.9%) compared to rural areas (26.4% and 5.9%). The prevalence of overweight and obesity varied by region in line with the level of economic development - Bangkok, Central, North, South and North-East. By using logistic regression analysis, overweight was associated with a number of characteristics as follows: age (per ten years increase) with adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) of 1.3; women 1.4; married 2.2; being a current smoker 0.4, and living in Bangkok and the central region 1.6 (compare to North-East). There was no clear difference in prevalence of overweight and obesity among education levels and type of occupation after controlling for other covariates. In conclusion, women of middle age, married, and living in Bangkok and the Central region, are at greater risk of overweight and obesity. Without effective lifestyle modification programs to curb these physiologic risk factors at population level, it is likely that related disease burden will ensue. Public health surveillance and intervention to modify the risk factors of excessive weight should be implemented.
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Prevalence and management of diabetes and metabolic risk factors in Thai adults: The Thai national health examination survey IV, 2009
(2011-09-01) Wichai Aekplakorn; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Pattapong Kessomboon; Rassamee Sangthong; Rungkarn Inthawong; Panwadee Putwatana; Surasak Taneepanichskul; A. W; I. R; Jiraluck Nonthaluck; Supornsak Tipsukum; Yawarat Porrapakkham; C. S; Kanittha Thaikla; Wongsa Laohasiriwong; Wanlop Jaidee; Sutthinan Srathonghon; Ratana Phanphanit; Jiraporn Suwanteerangkul; Kriangkai Srithanaviboonchai; K. P; Somdej Pinitsoontorn; Piyathida Kuhirunyaratn; Sauwanan Bumrerraj; Amornrat Rattanasiri; Suchada Paileeklee; Bangornsri Jindawong; Napaporn Krusun; Weerapong Seeupalat; Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong; S. R; Mafausis Dueravee; T. S; Somrat Lertmaharit; Vilai Chinveschakitvanich; Onuma Zongram; Nuchanad Hounnaklang; Sukarin Wimuktayon; P. P; Chalermsri Nuntawan; Karn Chaladthanyagid; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; Chiang Mai University; Khon Kaen University; Prince of Songkla University; National Health Examination Survey Office; Mahidol University; Chulalongkorn University
OBJECTIVE - To determine the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and undiagnosed and diagnosed diabetes in Thai adults in 2009 and examine the extent of changes in proportions of diagnosis, treatment, and control for blood glucose, high blood pressure, and high total cholesterol between 2004 and 2009. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Data from the multistage cross-sectional National Health Examination Survey (NHES) IV of 18,629 Thai adults aged ≥20 years conducted in 2009 were used to analyze and compare with the data from NHES III in 2004. RESULTS - The prevalence of IFG and diabetes was 10.6 and 7.5%, respectively. Of all diabetes diagnoses, 35.4% were not previously diagnosed, and the proportion was higher in men than in women (47.3 vs. 23.4%, P < 0.05). Compared with those in year 2004, the proportions of individuals with diabetes and concomitant hypertension did not significantly decrease in 2009 in both sexes, but the proportions of women with diabetes who were abdominally obese or had high total cholesterol (≥5.2 mmol/L) significantly increased in 2009 by 18.0 and 23.5%, respectively (all P < 0.01). The rates of treatment and control of blood glucose, high blood pressure, and high total cholesterol were favorably improved in 2009. However, in substantial proportions of individuals with diabetes these concomitants were still controlled suboptimally. CONCLUSIONS - The prevalence of diabetes and IFG remained high in Thai adults. Improvement in detection and control of diabetes and associatedmetabolic risk factors, particularly obesity and high serum cholesterol, are necessary. © 2011 by the American Diabetes Association.
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Prevalence and management of prehypertension and hypertension by geographic regions of Thailand: The Third National Health Examination Survey, 2004
(2008-02-01) Wichai Aekplakorn; Jesse Abbott-Klafter; Panrasri Khonputsa; Pyatat Tatsanavivat; Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Somkiat Sangwatanaroj; Siriwat Tiptaradol; Stephen S. Lim; Mahidol University; University of Queensland; Thailand Ministry of Public Health; Khon Kaen University; Prince of Songkla University; Chiang Mai University; Chulalongkorn University
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension, and management of hypertension, by geographic regions of Thailand. METHODS: Using a stratified, multistage sampling design, data from a nationally representative sample of 39 290 individuals aged ≥15 years were collected by interview, physical examination and blood sample. RESULTS: The prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension weighted to the national 2004 population was 22.0% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 20.5-23.6] and 32.8% (95% CI = 31.5-34.1), respectively, with a higher prevalence in men compared to women. Hypertension was more common in urban compared to rural men, but similar between urban and rural women. Despite some variation, the prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension was relatively uniform across geographical regions. Of those identified as having hypertension in the survey, 69.8% (95% CI = 67.8-71.7) were unaware that they had hypertension. Although the majority of those who were aware (78.2%; 95% CI = 75.8-80.5) had taken blood pressure-lowering drugs in the last 2 weeks, of these only 36.6% (95% CI = 33.3-40.0) had blood pressure < 140/90 mmHg. Rural populations and those from the economically poorer Northeast region were more likely to be unaware that they had hypertension. CONCLUSION: Compared to previous surveys, the prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension is rising rapidly, and is spread relatively evenly across regions of Thailand. Levels of awareness of hypertension were low across the country. A challenging task remains in improving screening, treatment and control of hypertension at the same time as promoting healthier lifestyles. © 2008 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
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Prevalence and trends of obesity and association with socioeconomic status in Thai adults: National health examination surveys, 1991-2009
(2014-01-01) Wichai Aekplakorn; Rungkarn Inthawong; Pattapong Kessomboon; Rassamee Sangthong; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Panwadee Putwatana; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Mahidol University; National Health Examination Survey Office; Khon Kaen University; Prince of Songkla University; Chiang Mai University; Chulalongkorn University
We determined the prevalence of obesity in Thai adults aged 20 and over in 2009 and examined trends of body mass index (BMI) between 1991 and 2009. Data from Thai National Health Examination Survey for 19,181 adults in 2009 and 64,480 adults between 1991 and 2004 were used to calculate age-adjusted mean and prevalence. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of obesity with education level. In 2009, age-adjusted prevalence of obesity classes I (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2) and II (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) in Thai adults aged ≥20 years were 26.0% and 9.0%, respectively. Compared with primary education, the odds of obesity class I were highest in men with university education. For women, the odds of obesity classes I and II were highest in those with primary education. BMI significantly increased from 21.6 kg/m2in men and 22.8 kg/m2in women in 1991 to 23.3 kg/m2and 24.4 kg/m2in 2009, respectively. The average BMI increases per decade were highest in men with secondary education (1.0 kg/m2, P < 0.001) and in women with primary education with the same rate. There were increasing trends in BMI with slight variation by SES groups in Thai men and women during 1991-2009. © 2014 Wichai Aekplakorn et al.
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Prevalence of diabetes and relationship with socioeconomic status in the Thai population: National health examination survey, 2004?2014
(2018-01-01) Wichai Aekplakorn; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Pattapong Kessomboon; Savitree Assanangkornchai; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Panwadee Putwatana; Chulalongkorn University; Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University; Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkia University; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; Chiang Mai University
© 2018 Wichai Aekplakorn et al. Objective. To determine the prevalence and trend of diabetes, related glycemic control, and influential socioeconomic (SES) factors in the Thai population aged =20 years during 2004?2014. Methods. Data from the Thai National Health Examination Survey 2004, 2009, and 2014 were used. Age-adjusted prevalence was calculated, and the associations of education levels with prevalence of diabetes and glycemic control were examined using logistic regression. Results. Age-adjusted prevalence of diabetes increased from 7.7% in 2004 to 7.8% in 2009 and 9.9% in 2014 (8.9% among men and 10.8% among women). Proportions of undiagnosed diabetes were slightly decreased but remained high in 2014 (51.2% for men and 41.3% for women). Diabetes prevalence was higher among those with primary education in both sexes; however, undiagnosed diabetes was higher among women with secondary and university educations. The percentages of those treated and controlled slightly improved among men (45.9%) but not among women (36.4%). Unmet glycemic control was also higher among women with secondary education levels and among men with university-level educations. Conclusions. Epidemic diabetes continues to grow in the Thai population, particularly in individuals with lower educational attainment. Measures to detect new cases and strengthen glycemic control should be scaled up.
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Religious affiliation and disparities in risk of non-communicable diseases and health behaviours: Findings from the fourth Thai National Health Examination Survey
(2014-01-01) Wit Wichaidit; Rassamee Sangthong; Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong; Edward McNeil; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Pattapong Kessomboon; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Panwadee Putwatana; Wichai Aekplakorn; Prince of Songkla University; Chiang Mai University; Khon Kaen University; Chulalongkorn University; Mahidol University
This study aims to compare the health-related behaviours and risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) between Muslims and non-Muslims in Thailand, a predominantly Buddhist country in which Muslims are the second largest religious group. Data from the fourth Thai National Health Examination Survey (NHES IV) conducted in 2009 were used to run multivariate survey logistic regression models with adjustment for age, gender and socio-economic status indicators. Data from 20,450 respondents, of whom 807 (3.9%) were Muslims, were included in the study. Muslims were significantly more likely to have daily consumption of deep-fried food (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.35; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.15-1.58) and packaged snacks (adjusted OR = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.30-1.86), and have inadequate control of hypercholesterolemia (adjusted OR = 2.95; 95% CI = 1.30-6.68). In conclusion, we found disparity in the majority of risk factors for NCDs between Muslim and non-Muslim Thais. © 2014 © 2014 Taylor & Francis.
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Socio-economic inequalities in the association between alcohol use disorder and depressive disorder among Thai adults: a population-based study
(2020-12-01) Sawitri Assanangkornchai; Jiraluck Nontarak; Wichai Aekplakorn; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Pattapong Kessomboon; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Chulalongkorn University; Khon Kaen University; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; Mahidol University; Prince of Songkla University; Chiang Mai University
© 2020, The Author(s). Background: Previous evidence indicates significant associations between depressive disorders and alcohol use disorder (AUD) and their strong links with social conditions. This study aims to investigate the association between major depressive episode (MDE) and AUD across various socio-economic groups. Methods: We analysed data from the 2014 Thai National Health Examination Survey containing a random sample of 13,177 adults aged > 20 years from the general population. The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test was used to classify respondents into non-problem drinking (score 0–7), hazardous drinking (score 8–15), and harmful-dependent drinking (score 16–40). MDE was identified using questions based on the DSM-IV. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using multinomial logistic regression to determine the strength of associations between MDE as a predictor and AUD as an outcome variable across different socio-economic levels. Results: The prevalence of MDE, hazardous, and harmful-dependent drinking was 2.5, 10.3, and 1.9%, respectively. The association between MDE and AUD was modified by wealth index, education level and area of residence. AORs for the association between MDE and harmful-dependent drinking were high among those in the highest (AOR = 8.68, 95% CI: 5.34, 14.11) and lowest (AOR = 7.14, 95% CI: 3.71, 13.73) levels of wealth index but not significant among those in the middle level (AOR = 1.78, 95% CI: 0.74, 4.25). Education had the strongest effect on the relationship between MDE and harmful-dependent drinking (AOR = 16.0, 95% CI: 10.30, 24.90 among those completing secondary school or higher and AOR = 1.44, 95% CI: 0.63, 3.33 among those completing primary school only). The association between MDE and harmful-dependent drinking was higher among people who lived in urban areas (AOR = 8.50, 95% CI: 5.50, 13.13) compared to those living in rural areas (AOR = 4.73, 95% CI: 3.31, 6.77). Conclusion: Socio-economic factors modify the association between alcohol use disorder and major depressive disorder among Thai people.

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