Browsing by Author "Wyeth-Ayerst Research Philadelphia"

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    Simultaneous administration of oral rhesus-human reassortant tetravalent (RRV-TV) rotavirus vaccine and oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) in Thai infants
    (1995-01-01) Sricharoen Migasena; Sriluck Simasathien; Rudiwilai Samakoses; Punnee Pitisuttitham; Preyapan Sangaroon; Gijsbert van Steenis; E. Coen Beuvery; Helen Bugg; Ruth Bishop; Bruce L. Davidson; Timo Vesikari; Mahidol University; Pramongkutklao Hospital; National Institute of Public Health and the Environment; Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne; Wyeth-Ayerst Research Philadelphia; Tampereen Yliopisto
    Rhesus-human reassortant tetravalent (RRV-TV) oral rotavirus vaccine was given at the same time as oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) or inactivated parenteral poliovirus vaccine (IPV) to Thai infants at 2, 4 and 6 months of age. Sera for rotavirus antibody studies were taken prior to and one month after each vaccination. After the first dose of vaccine at 2 months of age, 37% of the infants receiving rotavirus vaccine with IPV but only 10% of those receiving it with OPV showed a seroconversion by rotavirus IgA ELISA antibody test (p<0.001). Likewise, neutralizing antibody seroconversion rates in initially seronegative subjects to rhesus rotavirus type 3 (RRV-3) after the first dose of RRV-TV vaccine were higher if the vaccine was given with IPV (74%) than if given with OPV (39%) (p=0.0069). After the second and third doses of vaccine, the rotavirus IgA ELISA and RRV-3-neutralizing antibody response rates were not different between groups. Development of neutralizing antibodies to human rotavirus serotypes 1, 2 and 4 in the first seven months of life in vaccinees receiving rotavirus vaccine with OPV tended to occur at a lower rate than in those receiving rotavirus vaccine with IPV but the antibody levels were not significantly different at 7 months of age. Poliovirus type 2 and type 3 antibody responses were not different in infants receiving the rotavirus vaccine with OPV as compared with infants receiving only OPV. The mean poliovirus type 1 antibody level was slightly but not significantly lower at 5 and 7 months of age in infants that received both rotavirus vaccine and OPV. These results suggest that OPV is likely to interfere with the take of RRV-TV rotavirus vaccine but the interfering effect can largely be compensated for by giving multiple doses of RRV-TV vaccine or, possibly, by using a higher-titre rotavirus vaccine. Interference of RRV-TV vaccine with OPV may not pose a significant problem, but further research is required to ascertain that antibody responses to poliovirus type 1 are not affected by RRV-TV especially if a higher-titre vaccine is used. © 1995.
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    Vaccination of thai infants with rhesus-human reassortant tetravalent oral rotavirus vaccine
    (1994-01-01) Sriluck Simasathien; Sricharoen Migasena; Rudiwilai Samakoses; Punnee Pitisuttitham; Preyapan Sangaroon; Chanchai Aree; Ruth Bishop; Helen Bugg; Bruce L. Davidson; Timo Vesikari; Pramongkutklao Hospital; Mahidol University; Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne; Wyeth-Ayerst Research Philadelphia; Tampereen Yliopisto; Drexel University
    In a randomized double blind placebo-controlled study, the rhesus-human reassortant tet- travalent oral rotavirus vaccine (dose 4 × 10 4 plaque-forming units) was evaluated in Thai infants immunized at ages 2, 4 and 6 months. To investigate dose responses and to compare vaccine-induced and naturally acquired rotavirus immunity in the study population blood specimens were collected before and 1 month after each vaccination and at 12 months of age. No adverse reactions attributable to the vaccine were detected in the vaccinees. Sixty-three of 94 (67%) vaccine recipients showed a seroconversion in rotavirus IgA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay antibodies after one or more doses, whereas only 15 of 93 (16%) placebo- vaccinated control children showed an IgA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay antibody response, suggestive of natural rotavirus infection, between 2 and 7 months of age. By measuring rhesus rotavirus-neutralizing antibodies a seroconversion was detected in 49% of the vaccinees and 14% of the controls between 2 and 7 months of age. The geometric mean titers of neutralizing antibodies to human rotavirus serotypes 1, 2, 3 and 4 after the completion of vaccinations and at 12 months of age were higher in the vaccinees than in the controls. It is concluded that, even though maternally acquired rotavirus antibodies are commonly present, the rhesus-humanreassortant tetravalent vaccine is immunogenic in many Thai infants ages 2 to 6 months. The immunogenicity of this vaccine is enhanced by multiple doses. © 1994 by Williams & Wilkins.