Scopus 2020
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Publication Metadata only 10% lidocaine spray for pain control during intrauterine device insertion: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial(2020-01-01) Nalinee Panichyawat; Theethat Mongkornthong; Thanyarat Wongwananuruk; Korakot Sirimai; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. Background: Various medications have been investigated for their efficacy in pain reduction during intrauterine device (IUD) insertion, but there is currently no standard recommendation. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of 10% lidocaine spray in reducing pain during copper-containing intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) insertion. Methods: This study was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Reproductive-age women were randomised at a 1:1 ratio into 10% lidocaine spray or placebo spray group. A 10 cm visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate pain during several steps of the IUD insertion procedure, and after the procedure. Results: One hundred and twenty-four women were included and 62 women were randomised in each group. Baseline characteristics between groups were similar. The 10% lidocaine spray group demonstrated significantly lower median VAS immediately after IUD insertion than the placebo group (2.95 (IQR=1.00-5.63) vs 5.00 (IQR=3.35-7.00), respectively; p=0.002). Similarly, women receiving 10% lidocaine spray reported significantly lower median VAS than those receiving placebo during tenaculum use and uterine sounding. The maximum median VAS occurred immediately after Cu-IUD insertion. The proportion of women who reported VAS≥4 during uterine sounding and after IUD placement was significantly lower in the 10% lidocaine group than in the placebo group (p<0.05). Median change in VAS from baseline to IUD placement was significantly different between 10% lidocaine spray group and placebo group (1.85 (IQR=0.08-4.03) vs 3.6 (IQR=2.40-5.80), respectively; p=0.004). Conclusion: 10% lidocaine spray was found to be an effective local anaesthetic method for reducing pain during insertion of Cu-IUD. Trial registration number: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03870711Publication Metadata only A 177 years extended of teak chronology revealing to the climate variability in phrae province, northern of thailand(2020-01-01) Kanokrat Buareal; Supaporn Buajan; Sineenart Preechamart; Chotika Muangsong; Nathsuda Pumijumnong; Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahidol University; Mahidol University© 2020, Chulalongkorn University - Environmental Research Institute. All rights reserved. Teak ring-width is one of the promising paleoclimate proxies in the tropical region. Tree-ring chronology spanning from 1840 to 2016 (177 years) was derived from 76 trees from Phrae Province, northern Thailand. A total of 141 core samples were cross-dated, a standardized master was constructed, and the tree residual master chronology was developed by ARSTAN program. The tree-ring chronology has a significant positive correlation with the monthly rainfall and relative humidity during the monsoon season (May–June). In addition, the growth of tree-ring width also significantly inversely correlated with Niño 3, Niño 3.4, and Niño 4 indices during the second half of the dry season (January–March). We reconstructed summer monsoon season (May–June) rainfall based on a linear regression model which explained 21.95% of the actual rainfall variance. The trend of the reconstructed rainfall record shows a decrease of 0.6 mm per decade and substantially showed four wet periods and five dry periods. These results suggest that this teak chronology has a good potential to be a high-resolution proxy for reconstructing the past local climate in northern Thailand.Publication Metadata only 2-D joint inversion of magnetotelluric data and direct-current resistivity data to delineate shallow geothermal reservoir and fluid pathway beneath mae chan hot springs, chiang rai, thailand(2020-01-01) P. Amatyakul; T. Rung-Arunwan; C. Vachiratienchai; W. Siripunvaraporn; Mahidol University; Curl-E Geophysics Co., Ltd; Science© EAGE 2020. A joint inversion of MT and DCR data proposed by Amatyakul et al. (2017) was applied to magnetotelluric and direct-current resistivity data acquired at Mae Chan geothermal field. The result of the joint inversion demonstrate the better description of the shallow reservoir and fluid pathway when comparing to MT and DCR individual inversion.Publication Metadata only The 2nd International Symposium on Water Pollution and Treatment (ISWPT 2019)(2020-01-16) Nuanchan Singkran; Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahidol UniversityPublication Metadata only 20-hydroxyecdysone ameliorates metabolic and cardiovascular dysfunction in high-fathigh-fructose-fed ovariectomized rats(2020-05-06) Jariya Buniam; Natsasi Chukijrungroat; Yupaporn Rattanavichit; Juthamard Surapongchai; Jittima Weerachayaphorn; Tepmanas Bupha-Intr; Vitoon Saengsirisuwan; Huachiew Chalermprakiet University; Mahidol University; Srinakharinwirot University© The Author(s). Background: Ecdysteroids are polyhydroxylated steroids present in invertebrates and plants. 20-Hydroxyecdysone (20E) is the most common and the main biologically active compound of ecdysteroids. Previous studies have demonstrated anabolic and metabolic effects of 20E in mammals. However, it is unknown whether 20E has a positive effect on all aspects of cardiometabolic syndrome. The aims of this study were to investigate the favorable effect and possible underlying mechanisms of 20E in a rat model of cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) induced by a high-calorie diet combined with female sex hormone deprivation. Methods: 20E (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, or 20 mg/kg) or pioglitazone (PIO) (10 mg/kg) was intragastrically administered to sham-operated Sprague-Dawley female rats and ovariectomized rats fed a high-fat-high-fructose diet (OHFFD) for 8 weeks. The phenotypic characteristics of CMS, including central adiposity, blood pressure, serum lipid profile, glucose tolerance, insulin action on skeletal muscle glucose transport activity and hepatic protein expression, were determined. Results: Some CMS characteristics were improved by 20E treatment. Rats treated with 20E had lower body weight, abdominal fat accumulation than rats treated with vehicle control without changes in total caloric intake and fatfree mass. OHFFD rats exhibited high blood pressure, but 20E-treated rats maintained normal blood pressure with a lower level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol. Although 20E showed no positive effect on inducing insulin-mediated glucose transport in the skeletal muscle of OHFFD rats, 20E improved whole body glucose homeostasis. Analysis of protein expression in livers from 20E-treated rats revealed significantly increased expression of pAkt Ser473, pFOXO1 Ser256, pAMPKα Thr172, and FGF21. Conclusion: 20E treatment can alleviate cardiometabolic disorder caused by a high-fat-high-fructose diet and female sex hormone deprivation. In particular, 20E helps improve whole body insulin sensitivity in OHFFD rats, and the mechanisms that underlie this favorable effect are potentially mediated by the activation of AMPK and FGF21. The present study indicates that 20E could be an alternative therapeutic option for the prevention and alleviation of cardiometabolic syndrome.Publication Metadata only The 2015 IPND Criteria Increases the Yield in Diagnosis of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder in Thai Patients Compared to the 2006 Diagnostic Criteria(2020-08-01) Natthapon Rattanathamsakul; Chitapa Kaveeta; Sasitorn Siritho; Smathorn Thakolwiboon; Naraporn Prayoonwiwat; Bumrungrad International Hospital; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University© 2020 Elsevier B.V. Background: The 2015 International Panel for Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) Diagnosis (IPND) criteria was revised using systematic literature reviews and consensus from the experts. It facilitates NMOSD diagnosis and is applicable in an Asian population. Objective: To compare the utility of the 2015 IPND criteria and the 2006 NMO diagnostic criteria for the diagnosis of NMO/SD. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records 5 of patients with NMOSD who attended Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Clinic between January 2010 and December 2016. Two independent investigators applied the 2006 revised diagnostic criteria for NMO in patients who fulfilled the 2015 IPND criteria. Results: Of all 70 cases who had an NMOSD diagnosis according to 2015 criteria, 56 cases (80.0%) were positive for aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin (AQP4-IgG). Nineteen patients (27.1%) fulfilled the 2006 NMO diagnostic criteria. The 2015 IPND criteria identified 51 more NMOSD cases, increasing the diagnostic yield by 268%, compared to the 2006 criteria. The median time from onset to diagnosis by using the 2015 IPND criteria was shorter than those identified by the 2006 criteria (128 vs. 547 days, p=0.002). The 2015 IPND also provides for lesser attacks occurring before achieving diagnosis (1.7 vs. 2.7, p<0.001). In the absence of known AQP4-IgG serostatus, the 2015 criteria still indicated NMOSD patients by a 124% increase in detection rate (p<0.001); however, time to diagnosis was not statistically significant between the two criteria (258 vs. 604 days, p=0.081). Conclusions: Compared to the 2006 criteria, the 2015 IPND criteria increased diagnostic yield for NMOSD regardless of AQP4-IgG status and shortened the time from onset to diagnosis in patients with NMOSD with known AQP4-IgG serostatus.Publication Metadata only 2018 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Hepatitis C in Chronic Kidney Disease Guideline Implementation: Asia Summit Conference Report(2020-08-01) Philip Kam Tao Li; Sunita Bavanandan; Rosmawati Mohamed; Cheuk Chun Szeto; Vincent Wai Sun Wong; Kai Ming Chow; Yock Young Dan; Chiu Ching Huang; Ching Lung Lai; Tawesak Tanwandee; Boon Wee Teo; Grace Lai Hung Wong; Eng Kiong Yeoh; Kunitoshi Iseki; Chi Bon Leung; Hyeong Cheon Park; Talerngsak Kanjanabuch; Wanhong Lu; James Fung; Jidong Jia; Eiichiro Kanda; Man Ching Law; Hong Liu; Ching Kong Loo; Siu Ka Mak; Sing Leung Lui; Hon Lok Tang; Angela Yee Moon Wang; Ming Lung Yu; Michael Cheung; Michel Jadoul; The University of Hong Kong, State Key Laboratory of Liver Research; Severance Hospital; Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital; China Medical University Hospital Taichung; National University Hospital, Singapore; University of Malaya; Chulalongkorn University; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; Kuala Lumpur Hospital; Prince of Wales Hospital Hong Kong; Kwong Wah Hospital; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Central South University; Princess Margaret Hospital Hong Kong; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University; Tung Wah Hospital; Kawasaki Medical College; The University of Hong Kong; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO); Tomishiro Central Hospital© 2020 International Society of Nephrology In 2018, Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) published a clinical practice guideline on the prevention, diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The guideline synthesized recent advances, especially in HCV therapeutics and diagnostics, and provided clinical recommendations and suggestions to aid healthcare providers and improve care for CKD patients with HCV. To gain insight into the extent that the 2018 guideline has been adopted in Asia, KDIGO convened an HCV Implementation Summit in Hong Kong. Participants included nephrologists, hepatologists, and nurse consultants from 8 Southeast Asian countries or regions with comparable high-to-middle economic ranking by the World Bank: mainland China, Hong Kong, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand. Through presentations and discussions, meeting participants described regional practice patterns related to the KDIGO HCV in CKD guideline, identified barriers to implementing the guideline, and developed strategies for overcoming the barriers in Asia and around the world.Publication Metadata only 2020 Consensus summary on the management of hypertension in Asia from the HOPE Asia Network(2020-03-01) Kazuomi Kario; Sungha Park; Yook Chin Chia; Apichard Sukonthasarn; Yuda Turana; Jinho Shin; Chen Huan Chen; Peera Buranakitjaroen; Romeo Divinagracia; Jennifer Nailes; Satoshi Hoshide; Saulat Siddique; Jorge Sison; Arieska Ann Soenarta; Guru Prasad Sogunuru; Jam Chin Tay; Boon Wee Teo; Yu Qing Zhang; Huynh Van Minh; Naoko Tomitani; Tomoyuki Kabutoya; Narsingh Verma; Tzung Dau Wang; Ji Guang Wang; University Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University; De La Salle Health Sciences Institute; Sunway University; Hanyang University Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Yonsei University Health System; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Madras Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Hospitals; Kathmandu University; University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center; Fatima Memorial Hospital; National Yang-Ming University Taiwan; Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya; Universitas Indonesia; University of Malaya; Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; National Taiwan University College of Medicine; King George's Medical University; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University; Tan Tock Seng Hospital; Chiang Mai University© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hypertension professionals from Asia have been meeting together for the last decade to discuss how to improve the management of hypertension. Based on these education and research activities, the Hypertension, brain, cardiovascular and renal Outcome Prevention and Evidence in Asia (HOPE Asia) Network was officially established in June 2018 and includes experts from 12 countries/regions across Asia. Among the numerous research and review papers published by members of the HOPE Asia Network since 2017, publications in three key areas provide important guidance on the management of hypertension in Asia. This article highlights key consensus documents, which relate to the Asian characteristics of hypertension, home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM), and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Hypertension and hypertension-related diseases are common in Asia, and their characteristics differ from those in other populations. It is essential that these are taken into consideration to provide the best opportunity for achieving “perfect 24-hour blood pressure control”, guided by out-of-office (home and ambulatory) blood pressure monitoring. These region-specific consensus documents should contribute to optimizing individual and population-based hypertension management strategies in Asian country. In addition, the HOPE Asia Network model provides a good example of the local interpretation, modification, and dissemination of international best practice to benefit specific populations.Publication Metadata only (2786) Proposal to change the conserved type of Ipomoea, nom. cons. (Convolvulaceae)(2020-12-01) Lauren A. Eserman; Marc S.M. Sosef; Rosângela Simão-Bianchini; Timothy M.A. Utteridge; Juliana C.J. Barbosa; Maria Teresa Buril; Lars W. Chatrou; Keith Clay; Geadelande Delgado; Thibaut E. Desquilbet; Priscila P.A. Ferreira; José R. Grande Allende; Alexis L. Hernández; Guillermo Huerta-Ramos; Robert L. Jarret; Roberta K. Kojima; Sven Landrein; Juliana A.A.M. Lourenço; Ine De Man; Richard E. Miller; Sushant More; André L.C. Moreira; Ithe Mwanga-Mwanga; Stella Nhanala; Mayara Pastore; Fernanda S. Petrongari; Ponprom Pisuttimarn; Pimwadee Pornpongrungrueng; Joanna Rifkin; Francisco D.S. Santos; Vinod B. Shimpale; Simone S. Silva; John R. Stinchcombe; Paweena Traiperm; Liziane V. Vasconcelos; Ming Li Wang; Arthur Villordon; Jun Yang; G. Craig Yencho; Bettina Heider; Ana Rita G. Simões; UNAM Campus Morelia; The New College, Kolhapur; Centro Internacional de la Papa, Peru; Universiteit Gent; Universidade de Brasília; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Tulane University; Khon Kaen University; Botanic Garden Meise; University of Toronto; Universidade Federal da Bahia; Mahidol University; Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences; Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi; NC State University; Universidad De Los Andes, Merida; USDA Agricultural Research Service, Washington DC; Universidade Federal do Para; Instituto de Botânica de Sao Paulo; Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Secretaria do Meio Ambiente e Infraestrutura do Rio Grande do Sul; Lycée Descartes; Manuel Negrete Pte. #9; Parle Tilak Vidyalaya Association's Sathaye College; Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles CRSN/Lwiro DS/Bukavu; Louisiana State University Agricultural Center; Flower Diversity Institute; Instituto de Investigação Agrária de Moçambique (IIAM); Atlanta Botanical GardenPublication Metadata only A 338-year tree-ring oxygen isotope record from Thai teak captures the variations in the Asian summer monsoon system(2020-12-01) Nathsuda Pumijumnong; Achim Bräuning; Masaki Sano; Takeshi Nakatsuka; Chotika Muangsong; Supaporn Buajan; Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahidol University; Waseda University; Mahidol University; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Nagoya University© 2020, The Author(s). A 338-year oxygen isotope record from teak tree-ring cellulose collected from Mae Hong Son province in northwestern Thailand was presented. The tree-ring series preserves the isotopic signal of the regional wet season rainfall and relative humidity. Tree-ring δ18O correlates strongly with regional rainfall from May to October, showing coherent variations over large areas in Southeast Asia. We reconstructed the summer monsoon season (May to October) rainfall based on a linear regression model that explained 35.2% of the actual rainfall variance. Additionally, we found that in the 19th century, there was a remarkable drought during many years that corresponded to regional historic drought events. The signals of the June to September Indian summer monsoon (ISM) for the period between 1948 and 2009 were clearly found. Spatial correlations and spectral analyses revealed a strong impact of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on tree-ring δ18O. However, ENSO influenced the tree-ring δ18O more strongly in the 1870–1906, 1907–1943, and 1944–1980 periods than in the 1981–2015 period, which corresponded to periods of weaker and stronger ISM intensity.Publication Metadata only 3D printed CuO semiconducting gas sensor for ammonia detection at room temperature(2020-01-01) Gun Chaloeipote; Rat Prathumwan; Kittitat Subannajui; Anurat Wisitsoraat; Chatchawal Wongchoosuk; Kasetsart University; Mahidol University; Thailand National Science and Technology Development Agency© 2020 Elsevier Ltd In this work, a new room-temperature ammonia gas sensor based on n-type copper oxide (CuO) semiconductor was fabricated by 3D printing with fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique and sintering method. The polylactic acid (PLA) was blended together with Cu particles and extruded into the filament form for FDM printing. The PLA/Cu composite was printed and calcined in a furnace to obtain semiconducting CuO. The structural characterization results of 3D printed sensor showed monoclinic CuO phase and scaffold structures, which provided active porous sites for enhanced gas adsorption and room-temperature gas-sensing performances. According to gas-sensing data, the 3D printed CuO gas sensor exhibited good repeatability, high stability (>3 months), low humidity dependency (25–65 %RH), high sensitivity and selectivity towards ammonia at room temperature. The sensor response increased linearly with increasing NH3 concentration from 25 to 200 ppm. The sensing mechanism of the 3D printed CuO sensor was proposed based on the resistance change via reaction on adsorbed surface oxygen species or direct electron transfer between ammonia molecules and CuO. This approach could open up new ways to fabricate semiconductor gas sensors with controllable sizes and shapes for future gas-sensing applications.Publication Metadata only 3D Printing of Microgel-Loaded Modular Microcages as Instructive Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering(2020-01-01) Ramesh Subbiah; Christina Hipfinger; Anthony Tahayeri; Avathamsa Athirasala; Sivaporn Horsophonphong; Greeshma Thrivikraman; Cristiane Miranda França; Diana Araujo Cunha; Amin Mansoorifar; Albena Zahariev; James M. Jones; Paulo G. Coelho; Lukasz Witek; Hua Xie; Robert E. Guldberg; Luiz E. Bertassoni; OHSU School of Medicine; New York University; Oregon Health & Science University; Mahidol University; University of Oregon© 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim Biomaterial scaffolds have served as the foundation of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, scaffold systems are often difficult to scale in size or shape in order to fit defect-specific dimensions, and thus provide only limited spatiotemporal control of therapeutic delivery and host tissue responses. Here, a lithography-based 3D printing strategy is used to fabricate a novel miniaturized modular microcage scaffold system, which can be assembled and scaled manually with ease. Scalability is based on an intuitive concept of stacking modules, like conventional toy interlocking plastic blocks, allowing for literally thousands of potential geometric configurations, and without the need for specialized equipment. Moreover, the modular hollow-microcage design allows each unit to be loaded with biologic cargo of different compositions, thus enabling controllable and easy patterning of therapeutics within the material in 3D. In summary, the concept of miniaturized microcage designs with such straight-forward assembly and scalability, as well as controllable loading properties, is a flexible platform that can be extended to a wide range of materials for improved biological performance.Publication Metadata only 3PL Managed SPD-Based Logistics Management Model for Hospital Supply Chain: A Case Study of Hospital Supply Chain in Thailand(2020-04-01) Daranee Senarak; Duangpun Kritchanchai; Mahidol University© 2020 IEEE. Supply, Processing and Distribution management, or SPD, is a supply chain management model that can improve hospital supply chain management effectiveness. It is successfully developed and applied by Japanese and Chinese Hospitals as the internal-hospital department function and still has potential to adjust for more corresponding to actual hospital situations [1]. In Thailand, the SPD model is adopted in a large private hospital network. From the case study of hospital supply chain in Thailand, the SPD model was studied in order to design the most effective supply chain structures. Of nine models constructed from theoretical basis and all validated as potential structures, participated experts considered four models outperform the others. To discover the most suitable one for the studied case, AHP was used to evaluate relative importance-weight of hospital logistics performance indicators. Then fuzzy TOPSIS was used to select the model. Finally, the SPD model with 3PL-managed centralized warehouse, Group Purchasing Organization and regional hubs was rated as the most appropriate model for the private hospital network case study.Publication Metadata only The 6th Biennial Meeting of the Asian Society of Gynecologic Oncology, October 10th to 12th, 2019(2020-01-01) Kittipat Charoenkwan; Sarikapan Wilailak; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; Chiang Mai UniversityPublication Metadata only Absorption kinetics of CO2 in novel formulated 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol and N-methyl-4-piperidinol solvent(2020-11-01) Teerawat Sema; Pipat Na Ranong; Thanthip Kiattinirachara; Pattaraporn Posoknistakul; Ratana Jiraratananon; Paitoon Tontiwachwuthikul; Clean Energy Technologies Research Institute; Chulalongkorn University; Mahidol University; King Mongkut s University of Technology Thonburi© 2020 The Authors In the present study, kinetics of CO2 absorption in novel formulated 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) and N-methyl-4-piperidinol (MPDL) solvent was investigated in a stirred tank reactor over ranges of temperature (303–333 K) and concentration (5% wt. AMP-25% wt. MPDL, 10% wt. AMP-20% wt. MPDL, and 15% wt. AMP-15% wt. MPDL). A drop of pressure method was used to determine the kinetics of CO2 absorption in terms of overall reaction kinetics constant (kov) through a slope of the drop of pressure plot. It was found that the kov increased as temperature increased and increased as concentration of AMP in AMP-MPDL solvent increased over ranges of studied temperature and concentration. The results also showed that 15% wt. AMP-15% wt. MPDL possessed the highest CO2 absorption kinetics among the three concentrations. More importantly, the novel formulated 15% wt. AMP-15% wt. MPDL solvent was found to have considerable faster CO2 absorption than the conventional 15% wt. AMP-15% wt. triethanolamine (TEA) and 30% wt. TEA solvents, respectively. Based on these observations, it can be summarized that an addition of AMP into MPDL solvent can enhance the overall CO2 absorption performance of the formulated AMP-MPDL solvent. Additionally, it can be suggested that the novel formulated AMP-MPDL has a great potential to be used as an alternative solvent for capturing CO2 in terms of reaction kinetics; especially, in substitution of conventional AMP-TEA and TEA solvents.Publication Metadata only Academic stress among high school students in a rural area of Nepal: A descriptive cross-sectional study(2020-05-30) Minani Gurung; Natkamol Chansatitporn; Kanittha Chamroonsawasdi; Punyarat Lapvongwatana; Mahidol University© The Author(s) 2018. Introduction: The period of adolescence undergoes many physical and mental changes. Changing emotional and physical status along with increasing social, family, and academic pressure lead to various impairments in the mental health of adolescents. Academic failure leads to the suicide rate in adolescents, predominantly high during the declaration of exam results which is significantly high in a rural area in comparison with urban. The study examined the prevalence of academic stress among high school students in a rural area of Rolpa, Nepal.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 6 schools in Rolpa from July to October 2019. The sample size calculated was 521. A convenient sampling technique was used for this study. The target population was adolescents enrolled in high schools of Rolpa. Ethical approval was taken before data collection. The scale for assessing academic stress was used to find out the prevalence. A questionnaire was translated in local language and pre-testing was done in Nepal Police School, Sanga among 10% of the calculated sample size. Data entry was done in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 18. Descriptive statistical analysis was done for prevalence calculation. AResults: Out of a total of 521 students, the prevalence of academic stress was seen among 138 (26.5%) students at a 95% confidence interval (22.72-30.28).Conclusions: The prevalence of academic stress in our study was high and was consistent with other South Asian studies. Understanding academic stress and providing help and support to the students would help ease the burden for them.Publication Metadata only An accelerated biodegradation of Poly(lactic acid) by inoculation of Pseudomonas geniculate WS3 combined with nutrient addition(2020-03-04) Y. Boonluksiri; B. Prapagdee; N. Sombatsompop; Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahidol University; King Mongkut s University of Technology Thonburi© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. This study aims to develop an efficient method for accelerating the biodegradation rate of Polylactic acid (PLA). A combined use of PLA-degrading bacterium, Pseudomonas geniculate WS3 and nitrogen source or enzyme inducer to accelerate biodegradation of PLA was proposed. PLA films were prepared and submerged in basal salt medium (BSM) amended with ammonium sulfate, soytone, sericin or sodium lactate and inoculated with P. geniculate WS3 for 30 days. The results showed that the highest percentage of PLA film-weight loss was found in the treatment of soytone addition, followed by sodium lactate addition. PLA films in culture broth with P. geniculate WS3 and soytone were cracked and broken down into small fragments within 20 days. In addition, increasing the lactic acid content as a monomer of PLA in culture broth was directly correlated with increasing the percentage of PLA film-weight loss. It could be concluded that a combined use of P. geniculate WS3 and soytone exhibited a high potential to significantly accelerate the PLA biodegradation under the submerged condition.Publication Metadata only Accelerated loss of hypoxia response in zebrafish with familial Alzheimer's disease-like mutation of presenilin 1(2020-08-11) Morgan Newman; Hani Moussavi Nik; Greg T. Sutherland; Nhi Hin; Woojin S. Kim; Glenda M. Halliday; Suman Jayadev; Carole Smith; Angela S. Laird; Caitlin W. Lucas; Thaksaon Kittipassorn; Dan J. Peet; Michael Lardelli; University of New South Wales (UNSW) Australia; The University of Sydney; Macquarie University; University of Washington, Seattle; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University; The University of Adelaide© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com. Ageing is the major risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), a condition involving brain hypoxia. The majority of early-onset familial AD (EOfAD) cases involve dominant mutations in the gene PSEN1. PSEN1 null mutations do not cause EOfAD. We exploited putative hypomorphic and EOfAD-like mutations in the zebrafish psen1 gene to explore the effects of age and genotype on brain responses to acute hypoxia. Both mutations accelerate age-dependent changes in hypoxia-sensitive gene expression supporting that ageing is necessary, but insufficient, for AD occurrence. Curiously, the responses to acute hypoxia become inverted in extremely aged fish. This is associated with an apparent inability to upregulate glycolysis. Wild-type PSEN1 allele expression is reduced in post-mortem brains of human EOfAD mutation carriers (and extremely aged fish), possibly contributing to EOfAD pathogenesis. We also observed that age-dependent loss of HIF1 stabilization under hypoxia is a phenomenon conserved across vertebrate classes.Publication Metadata only Access to Health Service and Social Support Related to Self-Medication(2020-11-14) Sudhir Mishra; Nawarat Suwannapong; Mathuros Tipayamongkholgul; Natnaree Aimyong; Mahidol UniversityBACKGROUND: In developing countries including Nepal, medicine is easy to purchase with or without prescription over the counter. People's self-medication practice is a leading cause of antibiotic resistance. The purpose of this study was to assess self-medication practice and its influencing factors among rural people of Nepal. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from total 62 wards in rural Rolpa district of Nepal.The probability proportional to size was applied to select 6 wards, then 115 households from each ward was selected by applying systematic random sampling. Data collection was done by interviewing 720 household heads age 18 to 70 years old using a structured questionnaire in Nepal Results: The proportion of regular self-medication practice was 54.6%. Among them, 96.4% practiced self-medication when they got diarrhea/dysentery and 94.2% when they got a stomach ache. The factors associated with self-medication practice included gender (OR=2.24,95%CI=0.23-0.42), age (OR=5.59,95%CI=3.68-8.47), religion(OR=0.57,95%CI=0.42-0.77), family type (OR=4.00,95%CI=2.93-5.47), average income (OR=7.31,95%CI=5.04-10.56), decision making (OR=0.6,95%CI=0.44-0.82, health insurance(OR=1.64,95%CI=1.22-2.22), overall access to health service (OR=3.53,95%CI=2.55-4.90), and appraisal support(OR=2.24, 95%CI=1.66-3.02) Conclusions: Prevalence of self-medication in rural areas of Rolpa district was high among female, older people Accessibility to health service should be improved to reduce risk of self-medication practice. The health promotion related with benefit and side effect from self-medication are important for high risk group i.e. people over 30 years .Publication Metadata only Accuracy of a high-intensity focused ultrasound device with and without real-time visualization system in face and neck treatment of skin laxity(2020-01-01) Vasanop Vachiramon; Rattiya Techakajornkeart; Kanchana Leerunyakul; Pamela Chayavichitsilp; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University© 2020 Wiley Periodicals, LLC Background: Microfocused ultrasound (MFU) is a nonsurgical treatment for the improvement of skin laxity. Multiple MFU devices with and without a visualization system are commercially available. Aims: This study aims to compare the accuracy rates of MFU on target treatment areas with and without a visualization system. Patients/Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using 52 dermatologists as study subjects. Each subject was asked to treat one simulated volunteer on the face and upper neck with MFU for 2 sessions using the training mode. Participants were allowed to see the ultrasound monitoring screen in one session (visualized session) and were not allowed to see the monitoring screen in the other session (nonvisualized session). One investigator evaluated the accuracy rate by monitoring real-time whether an appropriate contact between the transducer and the skin is shown on the visualization system when the energy release button is pressed. Results: Higher accuracy rates were observed in the visualized session than the nonvisualized session in all treatment areas including brow, lateral orbit, infraorbital, cheek, and upper neck. The greatest difference in accuracy rates was observed when performing the treatment on the upper neck. Participants with more experiences had higher accuracy rates while performing visualization session when compared to those who had less experiences. Visualized sessions required a significantly longer treatment time. Conclusions: The utilization of MFU with visualization system increases the likelihood of proper skin contact. This in turn may give a more favorable treatment outcome and decrease the rates of complications from MFU treatment.