Microparticles at the crossroads of the gut-kidney axis: Mechanistic drivers and therapeutic horizons in hemodialysis
2
Issued Date
2026-01-01
Resource Type
eISSN
22206124
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-105042624887
Journal Title
World Journal of Nephrology
Volume
15
Issue
2
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
World Journal of Nephrology Vol.15 No.2 (2026)
Suggested Citation
Bhunyakarnjanarat T., Leelahavanichkul A., Chancharoenthana W. Microparticles at the crossroads of the gut-kidney axis: Mechanistic drivers and therapeutic horizons in hemodialysis. World Journal of Nephrology Vol.15 No.2 (2026). doi:10.5527/wjn.v15.i2.118565 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/117595
Title
Microparticles at the crossroads of the gut-kidney axis: Mechanistic drivers and therapeutic horizons in hemodialysis
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) pose sig-nificant global health challenges, with hemodialysis serving as a vital treatment for ESKD patients. Despite its life-sustaining role, hemodialysis is associated with elevated cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, driven in part by the accumulation of uremic toxins. Recent research underscores the gut-kidney axis as a pi-votal contributor to CKD progression and its complications, with gut microbiota dysbiosis amplifying uremic toxin production. Microparticles (MPs)-small extracellular vesicles released from cells-have emerged as key mediators in inter-cellular communication, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction. This review examines the role of MPs in the gut-kidney axis, with a focus on their contribution to uremic toxicity and clinical outcomes in hemodialysis patients. We explore how MPs, originating from endothelial cells, platelets, and gut microbiota, transport bioactive molecules, intensify inflammation, and impair endothelial function, thereby heightening cardiovascular risk. Furthermore, we assess their potential as biomarkers of disease severity and as novel therapeutic targets. By integrating current evidence, this review elucidates the intricate interplay between MPs, the gut-kidney axis, and uremic toxicity, offering fresh insights into improving outcomes for hemodialysis patients.