A review of the spectrum of clinical ocular fundus findings in P. falciparum malaria in African children with a proposed classification and grading system

Susan LewallenSimon P. HardingJeff AjewoleW. Edmund SchulenburgMalcolm E. MolyneuxKevin MarshStanley UsenNicholas J. WhiteTerrie E. TaylorThe University of British ColumbiaRoyal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS TrustNational Eye Care ProjectWestern Eye HospitalUniversity of Malawi College of MedicineUniversity of LiverpoolKenya Medical Research InstituteMedical Research Council Laboratories GambiaMahidol UniversityMichigan State University2018-09-072018-09-071999-01-01Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Vol.93, No.6 (1999), 619-622003592032-s2.0-0033385134https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/25481Ocular fundus pathology in Plasmodium falciparum malaria is common and has prognostic significance. We have made a collaborative effort to document the ocular features in several populations. Based on examination of 735 patients in Malawi, Kenya and The Gambia by direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy with dilated pupils, we have determined that the 5 distinct clinical features (in order of frequency) include retinal whitening, haemorrhages, unique vessel abnormalities, papilloedema, and cotton wool spots. Photographs and descriptions of these are presented, along with a proposed grading scheme.Mahidol UniversityImmunology and MicrobiologyMedicineA review of the spectrum of clinical ocular fundus findings in P. falciparum malaria in African children with a proposed classification and grading systemArticleSCOPUS10.1016/S0035-9203(99)90071-8