A. SabchareonT. ChongsuphajaisiddhiV. SinhasivanonP. ChanthavanichP. AttanathMahidol University2018-06-142018-06-141988-01-01Bulletin of the World Health Organization. Vol.66, No.3 (1988), 347-352004396862-s2.0-0023715921https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/15646A total of 66 Thai children with uncomplicated falciparum malaria were treated orally with regimens of either quinine or quinidine. Radical cures were observed in 85% (28 of 33) of the children who received quinine and in 88% (29 out of 33) of those who received quinidine. Treatment failures in both groups were RI responses. The mean trough level of quinidine (10 μmol/l) was about 2.5-times less than that of quinine (25 μmol/l). The electrocardiograms of the two treatment groups differed significantly in that there was an acute prolongation of the QT(c) interval in 56% of those who received quinidine compared with 21.0% of those given quinine. In vitro assays of the pre-treatment drug susceptibilities of the isolates of Plasmodium falciparum indicated that the mean minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for quinidine (1.44 μmol/l) was about half that for quinine (3.02 μmol/l). Although both drugs are equally effective, quinine is recommended for treatment of multidrug-resistant malaria in paediatric patients, primarily because of the cardiac effects produced by quinidine.Mahidol UniversityMedicineArticleSCOPUS