Charussri LeeyaphanJason J. OngEric P.F. ChowFabian Y.S. KongJane S. HockingMelanie BissessorChristopher K. FairleyMarcus ChenMahidol UniversityAlfred HealthMonash UniversityUniversity of Melbourne2018-12-112019-03-142018-12-112019-03-142016-10-01Emerging Infectious Diseases. Vol.22, No.10 (2016), 1778-178410806059108060402-s2.0-84988490261https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/41107© 2016, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). All rights reserved. Rectal lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) has reemerged as a sexually transmitted infection among men who have sex with men (MSM), particularly those who are HIV-positive. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the efficacy of doxycycline (100 mg 2×/d for 21 days) for rectal LGV in MSM. Nine studies were included: 4 prospective, 4 retrospective, and 1 combined retrospective and prospective. In total, 282 MSM with rectal LGV were included in the studies. All studies reported using nucleic acid amplification tests to assess microbial cure. Most patients (>80%) had symptomatic rectal infection. The fixed-effects pooled efficacy for doxycycline was 98.5% (95% CI 96.3%–100%, I2= 0%; p = 0.993). Doxycycline at 100 mg twice daily for 21 days demonstrated a high microbial cure rate. These data support doxycycline at this dosage and duration as first-line therapy for rectal LGV in MSM.Mahidol UniversityMedicineReviewSCOPUS10.3201/eid2210.160986