Senga WhittinghamIan R. MackayR. S. ThanabalasundrumH. K. ChuttaniR. ManjuranC. S. SeahM. YuV. ViranuvattiClinical Research Unit Royal Melbourne HospitalGeneral HospitalG.B. Pant Hospital IndiaOutram Road General HospitalMahidol University2018-03-222018-03-221973-12-01British Medical Journal. Vol.4, No.5891 (1973), 517-519000714472-s2.0-0015806992https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/10189A total of 164 patients from Australia, Ceylon, India, Singapore, and Thailand were studied for the prevalence of autoantibodies associated with “idiopathic” chronic liver disease—namely, antinuclear antibody, smooth muscle antibody, and mitochondrial antibody. The prevalence of these autoantibodies was high among patients from Australia (55%), but was low among patients from Ceylon (14%), India (11%), Singapore (0%), and Thailand (8%). There are variations in types of hepatitis and cirrhosis between races, and this applies particularly to the type associated with autoimmune markers. This may be related to genetic differences that have evolved between peoples of European and Asian descent. © 1973, British Medical Journal Publishing Group. All rights reserved.Mahidol UniversityMedicineArticleSCOPUS10.1136/bmj.4.5891.517