Fanny N. LauwAndrew J.H. SimpsonJan M. PrinsMichael D. SmithMasashi KurimotoSander J.H. Van DeventerPeter SpeelmanWipada ChaowagulNicholas J. WhiteTom Van Der PollAcademic Medical Centre, University of AmsterdamMahidol UniversitySappasitthiprasong HospitalNuffield Department of Clinical MedicineHayashibara Group2018-09-072018-09-071999-12-17Journal of Infectious Diseases. Vol.180, No.6 (1999), 1878-1885002218992-s2.0-0032708938https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/25491Interferon (IFN)-γ plays an important role in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Production of IFN-γ is stimulated by synergistic effects of interleukin (IL)-18, IL-12, and IL-15. To investigate the regulation of IFN- γ production during severe gram-negative infection, the plasma concentrations of IFN-γ, IL-18, IL-12, and IL-15 were measured in 83 patients with suspected melioidosis. The diagnosis was confirmed in 62 patients, 31 of whom had blood cultures positive for Burkholderia pseudomallei, of whom 12 died. Compared with healthy controls, patients had elevated levels of [FN-γ, IL-18, IL-12p40, and IL-15 on admission, with significantly higher levels in blood culture-positive patients, and these levels remained elevated during the 72-h study period. In whole blood stimulated with heat-killed B. pseudomallei, anti-IL-12 had a stronger inhibitory effect than anti-IL-18 and anti-IL-15 on IFN-γ production. This effect of anti-IL-12 was further enhanced by anti-IL-18. These data suggest that during gram-negative sepsis, IFN-γ production is controlled at least in part by endogenous IL-18, IL-12, and IL-15.Mahidol UniversityMedicineArticleSCOPUS10.1086/315155