Chinadol WanitpongpunEakkapol UtchariyaprasitWeerapat OwattanapanichAdisak TantiworawitEkarat RattarittamrongPimjai NiparuckTeeraya PuavilaiJakrawadee JulamaneePirun SaelueChantiya ChanswangphuwanaChantana PolprasertChajchawan NakhakesWasithep LimvorapitakNonglak KanitsapKannadit PrayongratanaChantrapa SriswasdiRamathibodi HospitalSiriraj HospitalChulalongkorn UniversityFaculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkia UniversityKhon Kaen UniversityThammasat UniversityPhramongkutklao College of MedicineRajavithi HospitalChiang Mai University2022-08-042022-08-042021-07-01Clinical Lymphoma, Myeloma and Leukemia. Vol.21, No.7 (2021), e635-e64321522669215226502-s2.0-85110145095https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/76117Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common, challenging hematologic malignancy worldwide. Thai data on its characteristics and outcomes have never been systematically reported, to our knowledge. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical features and outcomes of Thai patients with AML. Patients and Methods: This was a prospective observational study of nine academic hospitals. Patients with newly diagnosed AML were invited to register online. Results: A total of 679 patients with AML were included. The presence of circulating peripheral blood blasts was correlated with a high white blood cell count. Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) had predominantly lower white blood cell counts and higher proportions without peripheral blood blasts compared with non-APL AML. Disseminated intravascular coagulation was commonly presented in APL (37.7%). Splenomegaly and normal platelet count were more frequently seen in patients with Philadelphia chromosome–positive AML. The median follow-up time for those who survived more than 1 year was 28.0 months. One-year overall survival rates for non-APL AML and APL were 31.9% and 88.2%, respectively; 2-year overall survival rates were 29.6% and 88.2%, respectively. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation could improve survival in non-APL AML. Conclusion: APL should be considered despite absence of peripheral blood blast. This study demonstrates poor outcome of Thai AML and more research to improve outcomes are underway. Expanding access to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation should be considered in Thailand.Mahidol UniversityBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular BiologyMedicineArticleSCOPUS10.1016/j.clml.2021.03.004