Fine E.Muriuki P.Hunter E.C.Gonsalves L.Brizuela V.Black K.Hendriks J.Burns S.Glasgow-Collins R.Hodges C.Saltis H.Tofail F.Khan M.S.I.Khan R.Rahman M.M.Hasan M.K.Soltana N.Koli S.Sarkar R.A.Ali M.S.Morroni C.Mussa A.Bapabi M.Hansman E.Moshashane N.Ramontshonyana K.Makuch M.Zotareli V.Bento S.Laporte M.Mpoca C.Munezero A.Padua K.Deering K.Lowik A.J.Logie C.Salway T.Shannon K.Aikema E.Johnson B.Kuntz E.Mackenzie F.Mortimer K.Myers S.Ohtsuka M.Perry C.Thompson C.Watasuki L.Murad R.Zambrano D.Fonseca J.Rivera D.Roldán D.Calderón M.Torpey K.Manu A.Modey E.Ogum D.Badzi C.Akatoti W.Anaba E.Younge E.Obeng K.Sai G.Balde M.D.Diallo A.Camara S.Diallo R.Diawara A.Faro S.Kamano M.K.Keita D.Sall A.O.Soumah A.M.Toure A.O.Wilopo S.A.Choiriyyah I.Fahdilla N.Rachmawati R.Nimbi F.M.Galizia R.Lai C.Simonelli C.Tambelli R.Maina B.Otukpa E.Juma K.Muriuki P.Ahmad N.A.Kassim M.S.A.Razak M.A.A.Ahmad F.H.Alias N.Rahim N.C.A.Low L.L.Zubairi K.S.M.Rezali M.S.Sahril N.Shahein N.A.Shamsuddin N.Mahidol University2025-11-162025-11-162025-11-03BMJ Global Health Vol.10 No.11 (2025)https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/113003Research capacity strengthening (RCS) is fundamental for advancing sustainable sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) research. This article examines how RCS was embedded into the CoTSIS study, a multicountry cognitive testing initiative across 19 countries based on existing frameworks and experience. We offer lessons learnt for others intending to embed RCS in multicountry research implementation. The CoTSIS study incorporated RCS at all stages of study implementation. Capacity strengthening was incorporated in study start-up through the application and selection process of study teams, protocol co-creation and adaptation of the study tool into 15 languages. RCS was also embedded through training of study teams in cognitive interviewing techniques, ethics and sensitive research methods using a flipped classroom approach, as well as by providing ongoing support during data collection and during joint analysis and results write-up. There were several lessons learnt from this experience, such as: (1) include RCS goals and budget during study planning; (2) plan for training and needs assessments; (3) benefit from the advantages of online tools; (4) budget resources for knowledge translation activities; and (5) plan for assessing sustained capacity strengthened. By embedding specific and intentional RCS goals and activities, multicountry studies can contribute to long-lasting and sustainable RCS, encouraging power shifts and country ownership.MedicineArticleSCOPUS10.1136/bmjgh-2025-0209072-s2.0-10502085422020597908