Theerayudh SukmeeSuradej SiripattanapipongMathirut MungthinJeerapun WorapongRam RangsinYudhthana SamungWandee KongkaewKusak BumrungsanaKaroon ChanachaiChamnan ApiwathanasornPairaya RujirojindakulSomsak WattanasriKumnun UngchusakSaovanee LeelayoovaThailand Ministry of Public HealthPhramongkutklao College of MedicineThe Institute of Science and Technology for Research and Development, Mahidol UniversityMahidol UniversityPrince of Songkla University2018-07-122018-07-122008-05-01International Journal for Parasitology. Vol.38, No.6 (2008), 617-622002075192-s2.0-41349101088https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/19336A suspected new species of Leishmania is described as the causative agent of the third reported case of autochthonous visceral leishmaniasis in a Thai man living in Southern Thailand. The results of PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer 1 of ssrRNA and the mini-exon genes were different from those of previously reported Leishmania species. A direct agglutination test (DAT) revealed that antibody against Leishmania infection was detected in nine domestic cats. No potential vectors could be identified. A large-scale epidemiological survey of leishmaniasis should be urgently conducted since visceral leishmaniasis is considered an emerging disease of public health concern in Thailand. © 2008 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc.Mahidol UniversityImmunology and MicrobiologyMedicineArticleSCOPUS10.1016/j.ijpara.2007.12.003