Michelle DziejmanDavide SerrutoVincent C. TamDerek SturtevantPornphan DiraphatShah M. FaruqueM. Hasibur RahmanJohn F. HeidelbergJeremy DeckerLi LiKate T. MontgomeryGeorge GrillsRaju KucherlapatiJohn J. MekalanosMahidol university. Faculty of Public Health2015-02-262017-06-302015-02-262017-06-302015-02-262005-03-01PNAS. Vol.102, No.9 (2005), 3465-3470https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/2474Non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae can cause gastroenteritis and extraintestinal infections, but, unlike O1 and O139 strains of V. cholerae, little is known about the virulence gene content of non-O1, non-O139 strains and their phylogenetic relationship to other pathogenic V. cholerae. Comparative genomic microarray analysis of four pathogenic non-O1, non-O139 strains indicates that these strains are quite divergent from O1 and O139 strains. Genomic sequence analysis of a non-O1, non-O139 strain (AM-19226) that appeared particularly pathogenic in experimental animals suggests that this strain carries a type III secretion system (TTSS) that is related to the TTSS2 gene cluster found in a pandemic clone of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The genes for this V. cholerae TTSS system appear to be present in many clinical and environmental non-O1, non- O139 strains, including at least one clone that is globally distributed. We hypothesize that the TTSS present in some pathogenic strains of non-O1, non-O139 V. cholerae may be involved in the virulence and environmental fitness of these strains.engMahidol UniversityGenomeVirulenceCholera pathogenesisOpen Access articleArticle