Chavalparit P.Santipas B.Boonsirikamchai W.Kim J.S.Mahidol University2026-02-142026-02-142025-01-01Essentials of Endoscopic Spine Surgery (2025) , 3-9https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/115024Endoscopic spine surgery (ESS) has transformed spinal care by enabling surgeons to treat disc herniations, spinal stenosis, and other conditions through small incisions with minimal disruption of the surrounding tissue. Over the past few decades, surgical techniques have evolved from large open incisions to minimally invasive and finally to endoscopic approaches that use small cameras and instruments inside the body. In this chapter, we aim to explore the history and evolution of endoscopic spine surgery.Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular BiologyAgricultural and Biological SciencesBook ChapterSCOPUS10.1016/B978-0-443-36628-4.00017-02-s2.0-105029325816