František MoravecHorst TaraschewskiMalinee Thairungroj AnantaphrutiWanna MaipanichThitiporn LaoprasertInstitute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech RepublicKarlsruhe Institute of Technology, Campus SouthMahidol UniversityThailand National Institute of Animal Health2018-08-242018-08-242007-01-01Systematic Parasitology. Vol.66, No.1 (2007), 73-80016557522-s2.0-33845545802https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/24597Physalopterid nematodes identified as Heliconema longissimum (Ortlepp, 1923) were collected from the stomach of rice-paddy eels Pisodonophis boro (Hamilton) (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae) from two brackish-water localities (mangroves) in Thailand: one in Phan-Nga Province, southwestern Thailand, northeast of Phuket Island, and one in Ranong Province, near the border with Myanmar. Study of the morphology of this hitherto insufficiently known nematode species, including its first SEM examination, enabled a detailed redescription of H. longissimum. Present taxonomic problems in the subfamily Proleptinae Schulz, 1927 are discussed, where a new delimitation of Proleptus Dujardin, 1845, Heliconema Travassos, 1919 and Paraleptus Wu, 1927 is proposed based on the cephalic dentation. H. minnanensis [sic] Damin & Heqing, 2001 is transferred to Paraleptus Wu, 1927 as P. minnanensis (Damin & Heqing, 2001) n. comb. and Paraleptus chiloscyllii Yin & Zhang, 1983 transferred by Damin & Heqing (2001) to Heliconema, is retained in Paraleptus. H. ahiri Karve, 1941 is considered a junior synonym of H. longissimum (Ortlepp, 1923). The present finding of H. longissimum in Pisodonophis boro represents the first host record and the first record of this nematode from Thailand. © 2006 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.Mahidol UniversityImmunology and MicrobiologyArticleSCOPUS10.1007/s11230-006-9066-2