Kevin P. CainThanomsak AnekthananonChannawong BurapatSomsak AkksilpWiroj MankhatithamChawin SrinakSriprapa NateniyomWanchai SattayawuthipongTheerawit TasaneeyapanJay K. VarmaCenters for Disease Control and PreventionMahidol UniversityThailand Ministry of Public HealthOffice of Disease Prevention and Control 7Bamrasnaradura Infectious Disease InstituteBangkok Metropolitan AdministrationPhuket Provincial Public Health Office2018-09-132018-09-132009-02-01Emerging Infectious Diseases. Vol.15, No.2 (2009), 258-26410806059108060402-s2.0-63849235963https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/28210Up to 50% of persons with HIV and a diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in Thailand die during TB treatment. In a prospective observational study, a team of physicians ascribed the cause of death after reviewing verbal autopsies (interviews of family members about events preceding death), laboratory data, and medical records. Of 849 HIV- infected TB patients enrolled, 142 (17%) died. The cause of death was TB for 38 (27%), including 6 with multidrug- resistant TB and 20 with disseminated TB; an HIV-associ- ated condition other than TB for 50 (35%); and a condition unrelated to TB or HIV for 22 (15%). Twenty-three patients (16%) were judged not to have had TB at all. Death from all causes except those unrelated to TB or HIV was less common in persons receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). In addition to increasing the use of ART, death rates may be reduced through expanded use of modern TB diagnostic techniques.Mahidol UniversityMedicineArticleSCOPUS10.3201/eid1502.080942