Anirut PattaragarnVip ViprakasitSuroj SupavekinAchra SumboonnanondaMahidol UniversityFaculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University2018-08-202018-08-202006-09-01Pediatric Transplantation. Vol.10, No.6 (2006), 740-74313993046139731422-s2.0-33746907013https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/23624The aim of the study was to demonstrate clinical course of the first reported cases of PLS in pediatric kidney transplantation and therapeutic outcome for such condition using a combination of high-dose corticosteroid and tacrolimus. We report a single case (a nine-year-old Thai boy) with end-stage kidney disease secondary to obstructive uropathy developed immune-mediated hemolytic anemia from the PLS at second week after a pre-emptive living-related kidney transplantation. The alloimmune hemolysis was a result of anti-B antibodies, derived from blood group O-donor lymphocytes. Using a combination of high-dose corticosteroid and a substitution of cyclosporin with tacrolimus, there was no further hemolysis although the anti-B antibodies remained detectable until the eighth week post-transplantation. An impairment of the graft function because of hemoglobinuria was resolved after the hemolysis was stopped. The alloimmune hemolysis caused by PLS in pediatric kidney transplantation could be controlled with a combination of high-dose corticosteroid and tacrolimus. © 2006 Blackwell Munksgaard.Mahidol UniversityMedicineArticleSCOPUS10.1111/j.1399-3046.2006.00560.x