Cobianchi L.Piccolo D.Dal Mas F.Agnoletti V.Ansaloni L.Balch J.Biffl W.Butturini G.Catena F.Coccolini F.Denicolai S.De Simone B.Frigerio I.Fugazzola P.Marseglia G.Marseglia G.R.Martellucci J.Modenese M.Previtali P.Ruta F.Venturi A.Kaafarani H.M.Loftus T.J.Abbott K.L.Abdelmalik A.Abebe N.S.Abu-Zidan F.Adam Y.A.Y.Adamou H.Adamovich D.M.Agresta F.Agrusa A.Akin E.Alessiani M.Alexandrino H.Ali S.M.Mihai V.A.Almeida P.M.Al-Shehari M.M.Altomare M.Amico F.Ammendola M.Andreuccetti J.Anestiadou E.Angelos P.Annicchiarico A.Antonelli A.Aparicio-Sanchez D.Ardito A.Argenio G.Arvieux C.C.Askevold I.H.Atanasov B.T.Augustin G.Awad S.S.Bacchiocchi G.Bagnoli C.Bahouth H.Baili E.Bains L.Baiocchi G.L.Bala M.Balagué C.Balalis D.Baldini E.Baraket O.Baral S.Barone M.Barranquero A.G.Barreras J.A.Bass G.A.Bayhan Z.Bellanova G.Ben-Ishay O.Bert F.Bianchi V.Biancuzzi H.Bidoli C.Radulescu R.B.Bignell M.B.Biloslavo A.Bini R.Bissacco D.Boati P.Boddaert G.Bogdanic B.Bombardini C.Bonavina L.Bonomo L.Bottari A.Bouliaris K.Brachini G.Brillantino A.Brisinda G.Bulanauca M.M.Buonomo L.A.Burcharth J.Buscemi S.Calabretto F.Calini G.Mahidol University2023-05-192023-05-192023-01-01World Journal of Emergency Surgery Vol.18 (2023)https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/82618Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is gaining traction in medicine and surgery. AI-based applications can offer tools to examine high-volume data to inform predictive analytics that supports complex decision-making processes. Time-sensitive trauma and emergency contexts are often challenging. The study aims to investigate trauma and emergency surgeons’ knowledge and perception of using AI-based tools in clinical decision-making processes. Methods: An online survey grounded on literature regarding AI-enabled surgical decision-making aids was created by a multidisciplinary committee and endorsed by the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES). The survey was advertised to 917 WSES members through the society’s website and Twitter profile. Results: 650 surgeons from 71 countries in five continents participated in the survey. Results depict the presence of technology enthusiasts and skeptics and surgeons’ preference toward more classical decision-making aids like clinical guidelines, traditional training, and the support of their multidisciplinary colleagues. A lack of knowledge about several AI-related aspects emerges and is associated with mistrust. Discussion: The trauma and emergency surgical community is divided into those who firmly believe in the potential of AI and those who do not understand or trust AI-enabled surgical decision-making aids. Academic societies and surgical training programs should promote a foundational, working knowledge of clinical AI.MedicineArticleSCOPUS10.1186/s13017-022-00467-32-s2.0-851454289511749792236597105