Robert HutagalungHsar HtooPaw NweeJaruwan ArunkamomkiriJulien ZwangVerena I. CarraraElizabeth AshleyPratap SinghasivanonNicholas J. WhiteFrançois NostenShoklo Malaria Research UnitChurchill HospitalMahidol University2018-08-202018-08-202006-02-01American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Vol.74, No.2 (2006), 211-214000296372-s2.0-33645798628https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/23367Artemether-lumefantrine is the first registered, fixed, artemisinin-based combination treatment. Artemisinin derivatives are highly effective antimalarials with a favorable safety profile. Concerns remain over their potential neurotoxicity, although there has been no clinical evidence of this in humans. In animals (rats, dogs, and monkeys) artemether, a derivative of artemisinin is associated with an unusual toxicity pattern in specific brain nuclei involving the auditory and vestibular pathways. A recent report from Mozambique described a small but significant and irreversible hearing loss in patients exposed to artemether-lumefantrine. To explore this issue, we conducted a case-control study using tympanometry, audiometry and auditory brain-stem responses. We assessed 68 subjects who had been treated with artemether-lumefantrine within the previous five years and 68 age- and sex-matched controls living in the malarious region along the Thailand-Myanmar border. There were no differences in the test results between cases and controls. There was no neurophysiologic evidence of auditory brainstem toxicity that could be attributed to artemether-lumefantrine in this study population. Copyright © 2006 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.Mahidol UniversityImmunology and MicrobiologyMedicineArticleSCOPUS