Yaikwawong M.Kamdee K.Chuengsamarn S.Mahidol University2025-10-252025-10-252025-09-23International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol.26 No.19 (2025)https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/112742Liver steatosis, the hallmark component of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), is particularly common among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Shared mechanisms such as insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation contribute to the coexistence of these conditions and accelerate disease progression, emphasizing the need for effective therapeutic strategies. In this 12-month, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 227 obese individuals with T2DM were assigned to receive either 1500 mg of curcumin daily or placebo. Curcumin significantly reduced liver fat content, liver stiffness, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) compared with placebo (all p < 0.001). Improvements were also noted in inflammatory mediators, including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) (all p < 0.001), reflecting curcumin's anti-inflammatory effects. Antioxidant benefits were evident, as total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased, while malondialdehyde levels decreased (all p < 0.001). Systematic safety assessments, including liver and kidney function tests, revealed no clinically significant abnormalities. Mild gastrointestinal discomfort was the most common non-serious adverse event. Overall, these findings support curcumin as a safe and effective adjunctive therapy for improving liver steatosis in obese patients with T2DM.Chemical EngineeringChemistryBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular BiologyComputer ScienceArticleSCOPUS10.3390/ijms261992862-s2.0-1050188928581422006741096556