De Felice A.Maeda K.I.Mukohyama S.Pookkillath M.C.Mahidol University2023-05-192023-05-192023-03-01Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics Vol.2023 No.3 (2023)https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/82240We study the spherically symmetric collapse of a cloud of dust in VCDM, a class of gravitational theories with two local physical degrees of freedom. We find that the collapse corresponds to a particular foliation of the Oppenheimer-Snyder solution in general relativity (GR) which is endowed with a constant trace for the extrinsic curvature relative to the time t constant foliation. For this solution, we find that the final state of the collapse leads to a static configuration with the lapse function vanishing at a radius inside the apparent horizon. Such a point is reached in an infinite time-t interval, t being the cosmological time, i.e. the time of an observer located far away from the collapsing cloud. The presence of this vanishing lapse endpoint implies the necessity of a UV completion to describe the physics inside the resulting black hole. On the other hand, since the corresponding cosmic time t is infinite, VCDM can safely describe the whole history of the universe at large scales without knowledge of the unknown UV completion, despite the presence of the so-called shadowy mode.Physics and AstronomyArticleSCOPUS10.1088/1475-7516/2023/03/0302-s2.0-8515050106914757516