Attawood LertpimonchaiSasivimol RattanasiriSakda Arj-Ong VallibhakaraJohn AttiaAmmarin ThakkinstianMahidol UniversityChulalongkorn UniversityUniversity of Newcastle Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesHunter Medical Research Institute, Australia2018-12-212019-03-142018-12-212019-03-142017-12-01International Dental Journal. Vol.67, No.6 (2017), 332-3431875595X002065392-s2.0-85021387122https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/42344© 2017 The Authors. International Dental Journal published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of World Dental Federation. Objective: Dental plaque accumulation and inadequate personal oral hygiene (OH) are known major risk factors of periodontitis. Nevertheless, the magnitude of their effects has not yet been the subject of a meta-analysis. Material and methods: The Medline and Scopus databases were searched up to May 2016. Observational studies were eligible if they assessed associations between OH and periodontitis in adult subjects. A multivariate random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool the effects of fair/poor OH versus good OH on periodontitis across studies. The associations between oral care habits and periodontitis were also assessed. Results: A total of 50 studies were eligible; 15 were used for pooling the effect of fair OH versus good OH and poor OH versus good OH on periodontitis, with pooled odds ratios (ORs) of 2.04 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.65–2.53] and 5.01 (95% CI: 3.40–7.39), respectively. Eleven studies examined oral care habits measured according to toothbrushing regularity and dental visit frequency; pooled ORs of 0.66 (95% CI: 0.47–0.94) and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.47–0.98) were obtained, respectively. Conclusions: Fair to poor OH increases the risk of periodontitis by two- to five-fold. This risk can be reduced by regular toothbrushing and dental visits.Mahidol UniversityDentistryReviewSCOPUS10.1111/idj.12317