Thananya ThongtanChutima ThepparitDuncan R. SmithChulalongkorn UniversityMahidol University2018-06-112018-06-112012-09-18Clinical and Developmental Immunology. Vol.2012, (2012)17402530174025222-s2.0-84866166958https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/14265Despite the availability of effective vaccines, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infections remain a leading cause of encephalitis in many Asian countries. The virus is transmitted to humans by Culex mosquitoes, and, while the majority of human infections are asymptomatic, up to 30 of JE cases admitted to hospital die and 50 of the survivors suffer from neurological sequelae. Microglia are brain-resident macrophages that play key roles in both the innate and adaptive immune responses in the CNS and are thus of importance in determining the pathology of encephalitis as a result of JEV infection. © 2012 Thananya Thongtan et al.Mahidol UniversityImmunology and MicrobiologyMedicineReviewSCOPUS10.1155/2012/890586