Rawiwan HansudewechakulVirat SirisanthanaNia KurniatiThanyawee PuthanakitPagakrong LumbiganonVonthanak SaphonnNik Khairulddin Nik YusoffNagalingeswaran KumarasamySiew Moy FongRevathy NallusamyPreeyaporn SrasuebkulMatthew LawAnnette H. SohnKulkanya ChokephaibulkitChiangrai Prachanukroh HospitalChiang Mai UniversityUniversity of Indonesia, RSUPN Dr. Cipto MangunkusumoThe HIV Netherlands Australia Thailand Research CollaborationKhon Kaen UniversityNational Center for HIV/AIDSHospital Raja Perempuan Zainab IIYR Gaitonde Centre for AIDS Research and EducationHospital LikasPenang Adventist HospitalKirby InstituteTREAT Asia/amfAR-The Foundation for AIDS ResearchMahidol University2018-09-242018-09-242010-12-01Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. Vol.55, No.4 (2010), 503-509152541352-s2.0-78650237129https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/29441Introduction: We report responses to combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in the Therapeutics Research, Education, and AIDS Training in Asia Pediatric HIV Observational Database. Methods: Children included were those who had received cART (ie, ≥3 antiretrovirals) at <18 years. The analysis was intention-to-treat by the first cART regimen. Median values are provided with interquartile ranges; hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals. Results: Of the 1655 children included, 50.4% were male, with a median age at cART of 7.0 (3.9-9.8) years and CD4 of 8% (2.0%-15%); 92.5% were started on an NNRTI; median duration of follow-up was 2.9 (1.4-4.6) years. Loss-to-follow-up and death rates were 4.2 (3.7-4.8) and 2.1 (1.7-2.5) per 100 person-years, respectively. At 36 months, median CD4 was 26% (21%-31%); 81% of those with viral load (n = 302) were <400 copies per milliliter. Children who reached CD4 ≥25% within 5 years were more likely to be females (HR: 1.4; 1.2-1.7), start before 18 months old (HR: 3.8; 2.4-6.2), lack a history of monotherapy/dual therapy (HR: 1.7; 1.4-2.5), and have a higher baseline CD4 (per 10% increase: HR: 2; 1.9-2.2). Conclusions: These data underscore the need for early diagnosis and cART initiation to preserve immune function. © 2010 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.Mahidol UniversityMedicineArticleSCOPUS10.1097/QAI.0b013e3181f5379a