Boonyong C.Angkhasirisap W.Lertnitikul N.Kengkoom K.Suttisri R.Jianmongkol S.Mahidol University2025-04-012025-04-012025-01-01Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol.15 No.3 (2025) , 101-111https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/108543This study investigated the gastrointestinal (GI) protective effect of water and ethanol extracts of Morus alba leaves in rats who received indomethacin. Rats were randomly distributed into nine groups: a control group, an indomethacin group, and seven groups pre-treated orally with either water and ethanol extracts of M. alba leaves (500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg) or omeprazole (100 mg/kg) for 5 days before receiving oral indomethacin (40 mg/kg). After 24-hour treatment, GI lesions, apoptotic proteins, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in gastric and jejunal tissues were evaluated by macro- and microscopic assessments, western blot analysis, and ELISA, respectively. Both extracts prevented ulcerative lesions in rat jejunum, but not in the stomach. Their intestinal protection involved suppressing protein kinase R-like ER kinase/C/EBP homologous protein signaling and the Bcl-2-associated X protein/B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 protein (Bax/Bcl-2) ratio. Both extracts did not affect PGE2 levels in rat GI tissues, which might explain their inability to prevent gastric ulcers.Pharmacology, Toxicology and PharmaceuticsMedicineArticleSCOPUS10.7324/JAPS.2025.2100802-s2.0-10500013206422313354