Surapol IssaragrisilDavid KaufaianAnchalee ThongputKanchana ChansungTharatorn ThamprasitAnong PiankijagumTheresa AndersonSamuel ShapiroPaul LeavertonNeal S. YoungMahidol UniversityBoston UniversityKhon Kaen UniversityPrince of Songkla UniversityUniversity of South Florida HealthNational Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteFaculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University2018-07-042018-07-041997-01-01Hepatology. Vol.25, No.5 (1997), 1255-1257027091392-s2.0-20644466013https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/18216Aplastic anemia is more common in the Orient than in western countries, with an incidence in Thailand that is 2- to 3-fold higher than in Europe. Aplastic anemia after hepatitis is a well characterized clinical entity, and clinical hepatitis is also prevalent in the Far East. We performed a prospective case-control study to determine risk factors for aplastic anemia in Bangkok and two rural regions during 1989 to 1994. A total of 375 cases were identified, along with 1,174 hospital controls matched for age and sex. Historical data were collected by trained interviewers. Sera from a subset of cases (N = 177) and controls (N = 183) were tested for antibodies to hepatitis viruses A, B, and C and hepatitis B surface antigen. There was no evidence of association of aplastic anemia with hepatitis B or hepatitis C. Previous exposure to hepatitis A, as determined by immunoglobulin G (IgG) seropositivity, was significantly associated with aplastic anemia: the relative risk adjusted for confounding was 2.9 (95% confidence interval 1.2- 6.7). The same association also existed for persons under age 25 years, in whom the prevalence of hepatitis A IgG was lower than in the total population. However, no patients showed evidence of recent infection with hepatitis A (immunoglobulin M [IgM] seropositivity). These results indicate that exposure to a hepatitis virus is a risk indicator for aplastic anemia in Thailand, and while itself unlikely to be etiologic, hepatitis A may be a surrogate marker for another enteric microbial agent.Mahidol UniversityMedicineArticleSCOPUS10.1002/hep.510250532