Abubakar A.A.Rakkan T.Krasian T.Jantrawut P.Jantanasakulwong K.Tanadchangsaeng N.Srikaew N.Musa H.Worajittiphon P.Mahidol University2026-04-292026-04-292026-05-01International Journal of Biological Macromolecules Vol.362 (2026)01418130https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/116351Wound dressings derived from natural resources are increasingly of interest for good health and well-being. Here, an electrospun cellulose acetate (CA) composite membrane (E) was developed as a topical drug carrier for sustained delivery, enabled by incorporating tungsten disulfide (WS<inf>2</inf>) and halloysite nanotubes (HNT). To improve mechanical robustness and support industry innovation in advanced biomedical manufacturing, a dual-layer system (3D/E) was fabricated by electrospinning the E membrane onto a 3D-printed poly(lactic acid)/cassava fiber mesh. With the mesh as a backing layer, 3D/E exhibited higher dry-state tensile strength (6.0 ± 0.2 MPa) and Young's modulus (302 ± 12 MPa) than E alone (0.8 ± 0.1 MPa and 22 ± 3 MPa, respectively). 3D/E maintained thermal integrity over typical service temperatures and showed no degradation up to 150 οC. Metronidazole (MET) release from MET-loaded CA-based samples was biphasic; notably, 3D/E/MET showed a slower initial release (0–6 h) and higher cumulative release (∼74–93%) over 48 h than CA/MET (∼72–77%), attributed to the combined effects of WS<inf>2</inf> and HNT. In a PrestoBlue™ assay, human adipose-derived stem cells on 3D/E/MET showed a time-dependent increase in viability from Day 1 (∼44%) to Day 5 (∼75%), indicating recovery over time. Antibacterial testing showed a moderate reduction against Staphylococcus aureus at 24 h (13.76 ± 0.11 log CFU/mL) versus the control (14.92 ± 0.07 log CFU/mL). Overall, 3D/E offers improved mechanical and thermal performance with extended MET release and moderate in vitro antibacterial activity, supporting further evaluation for wound healing applications.Materials ScienceBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular BiologyAgricultural and Biological SciencesArticleSCOPUS10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2026.1521622-s2.0-10503626949218790003