Punnee ButthepSaknarong RummavasRaewadee WisedpanichkijSumalee JindadamrongwechSuthat FucharoenAhnond BunyaratvejFaculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol UniversityMahidol University2018-07-242018-07-242002-06-04American Journal of Hematology. Vol.70, No.2 (2002), 100-106036186092-s2.0-0036105903https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/20479An increased number of circulating endothelial cells (CECs) was demonstrated in α- and β-thalassemic patients, β-thalassemia/hemoglobin E (BE), both splenectomized (BE[S]) and non-splenectomized (BE[NS]), had higher numbers of CECs than α-thalassemia, both HbH (α-thal 1/α-thal 2; H) and HbH with hemoglobin Constant Spring (α-thal 1/CS; H/CS). CECs were also increased in heterozygous HbE (EA) and homozygous HbE (EE). The highest level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was found in HbH/CS patients, whereas the highest levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was observed in BE[S] patients. Significant decreases, in protein C and protein S levels were found in both α- and β-thalassemia compared with normal. Good correlations between the numbers of CEC and TNF-α, VEGF, protein C, and protein S levels were demonstrated in this study. In addition, markers for endothelial cell activation and injury (intercellular adhesion molecule-1, ICAM-1/CD54; vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, VCAM-1/CD106; and E-selectin, ELAM-1/CD62E) were detected on the surface of isolated CECs using immunofluorescence technique. Appearance of CECs with markers for endothelial cell activation, together with increased levels of TNF-α and VEGF and decreased levels of protein C and protein S in the circulation, may account for the propensity of vascular perturbation in thalassemic subjects. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Mahidol UniversityMedicineArticleSCOPUS10.1002/ajh.10101