Thomas F. AllisonPeter W. AndrewsYishai AviorIvana BarbaricNissim BenvenistyChristoph BockJennifer BrehmOliver BrüstleIvan DamjanovAndrew ElefantyDaniel FelknerPaul J. GokhaleFlorian HalbritterLyn E. HealyTim X. HuBarbara B. KnowlesJeanne F. LoringTenneille E. LudwigRobyn MayberrySuzanne MicallefJameelah S. MohamedFranz Josef MüllerChristine L. MummeryNorio NakatsujiElizabeth S. NgSteve K.W. OhOrla O'SheaMartin F. PeraBenjamin ReubinoffPaul RobsonJanet RossantBernhard M. SchuldtDavor SolterKoula SourrisGlyn StaceyEdouard G. StanleyHirofumi SuemoriKazutoshi TakahashiShinya YamanakaA-Star, Bioprocessing Technology InstituteThe Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthThe Francis Crick InstituteWiCell Research InstituteA-Star, Genome Institute of SingaporeMax Planck Institute for Molecular GeneticsHospital for Sick Children University of TorontoUniversity of Kansas, School of MedicineWalter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchUniversity of MelbourneRoyal Children's Hospital, MelbourneGladstone Institute of Cardiovascular DiseaseMonash UniversityUniversity of TorontoLeiden University Medical Center - LUMCMahidol UniversityMedizinische Universitat WienKyoto UniversityJackson LaboratoryHebrew University of JerusalemUniversität BonnScripps Research InstituteAdministrative Headquarters of the Max Planck SocietyUniversitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein Campus KielDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLAOsterreichische Akademie Der WissenschaftenUniversity of SheffieldNational Institute for Biological Standards and ControlMax Planck Institut für InformatikUniversity of Connecticut Health CenterHadassah University Medical CentreInternational Stem Cell Banking InitiativeJackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine2019-08-232019-08-232018-12-01Nature Communications. Vol.9, No.1 (2018)204117232-s2.0-85047190636https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/44994© 2018 The Author(s). The International Stem Cell Initiative compared several commonly used approaches to assess human pluripotent stem cells (PSC). PluriTest predicts pluripotency through bioinformatic analysis of the transcriptomes of undifferentiated cells, whereas, embryoid body (EB) formation in vitro and teratoma formation in vivo provide direct tests of differentiation. Here we report that EB assays, analyzed after differentiation under neutral conditions and under conditions promoting differentiation to ectoderm, mesoderm, or endoderm lineages, are sufficient to assess the differentiation potential of PSCs. However, teratoma analysis by histologic examination and by TeratoScore, which estimates differential gene expression in each tumor, not only measures differentiation but also allows insight into a PSC's malignant potential. Each of the assays can be used to predict pluripotent differentiation potential but, at this stage of assay development, only the teratoma assay provides an assessment of pluripotency and malignant potential, which are both relevant to the pre-clinical safety assessment of PSCs.Mahidol UniversityBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular BiologyChemistryPhysics and AstronomyArticleSCOPUS10.1038/s41467-018-04011-3