Vanaporn WuthiekanunAllen C. ChengWirongrong ChierakulPremjit AmornchaiDirek LimmathurotsakulWipada ChaowagulAndrew J.H. SimpsonJennifer M. ShortGumphol WongsuvanBina MaharjanNicholas J. WhiteSharon J. PeacockMahidol UniversityMenzies School of Health ResearchSappasitthiprasong HospitalDstlHeartlands HospitalNuffield Department of Clinical Medicine2018-06-212018-06-212005-06-01Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. Vol.55, No.6 (2005), 1029-1031030574532-s2.0-21244477888https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/16968Objectives: Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole is commonly used to treat melioidosis. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the disc diffusion method is commonly used in melioidosis-endemic areas, but may overestimate resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Patients and methods: We performed disc diffusion and Etest on isolates from the first positive culture for all patients presenting to Sappasithiprasong Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand, with culture-confirmed melioidosis between 1992 and 2003. Results: The estimated resistance rate for 1976 clinical Burkholderia pseudomallei isolates was 13% by Etest and 71% by disc diffusion. All isolates classed as either susceptible (n=358) or as having intermediate resistance (n=218) on disc diffusion were susceptible by Etest. Only 258 of the 1400 (18%) isolates classed as resistant on disc diffusion were resistant by Etest. Conclusions: Disc diffusion testing of B. pseudomallei may be useful as a limited screening tool in resource poor settings. Isolates assigned as 'susceptible' or 'intermediate' by disc diffusion may be viewed as 'susceptible'; those assigned as 'resistant' require further evaluation by MIC methodology. © The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved.Mahidol UniversityMedicinePharmacology, Toxicology and PharmaceuticsArticleSCOPUS10.1093/jac/dki151