Wisit PrasithsirikulSukanya ChongthawonsatidPirapon June OhataSiriwan KeadpudsaVirat KlinbuayaemPatsamon RerksirikulKerr, Stephen J.Kiat RuxrungthamJintanat AnanworanichAnchalee AvihingsanonMinistry of Public Health. Department of Disease Control. Bamrasnaradura InfectiousMahidol University. Faculty of Social Sciences and HumanitiesThai Red Cross AIDS Research CentreChiang Mai. Sanpatong HospitalChulalongkorn University. Faculty of Medicine. Division of Allergy and ImmunologyWalter Reed Army Institute of Research2019-06-072019-06-072019-06-072017AIDS Care. Vol.29, No. 3 (2017), 299–305https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/44032HIV/AIDS and anxiety/depression are interlinked. HIV-infected patients suffering from depression may be at risk for poor adherence which may contribute to HIV disease progression. Additionally, an HIV diagnosis and/or using certain antiretroviral agents may trigger symptoms of anxiety/depression. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence and factors associated with anxiety and depression in HIV-infected patients from the Thai National HIV Treatment Program. This cross-sectional study was performed from January 2012 to December 2012 in HIV-infected out-patients, aged ≥18 years, from three HIV referral centers. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were measured using the Thai-validated Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). A score of ≥11 was defined as having anxiety and depression. Associated factors were assessed by multivariate logistic regression. Totally 2023 (56% males) patients were enrolled. All patients received antiretroviral therapy (ART) for a mean duration of 7.7 years. Median CD4 was 495 cells/mm3. Ninety-five percent had HIV-RNA < 50 copies/ml. Thirty-three percent were currently on efavirenz (EFV)-based ART. The prevalence of anxiety and depression were 4.8% and 3.1%, respectively. About 1.3% had both anxiety and depression. In multivariate logistic models, the female sex [OR = 1.6(95%CI 1.1–2.3), p = .01], having adherence <90% [OR = 2.2(95%CI 1.5–3.4), p < .001], fair/poor quality of life (QOL) [OR = 7.2 (95%CI 3.6–14.2), p < .001] and EFV exposure [OR = 1.6(95%CI 1.1–2.3), p = .01], were independently associated with having anxiety or depression. Our findings demonstrated that prevalence of depression and anxiety was low amongst virally suppressed, long-term antiretroviral-treated HIV-infected individuals. Some key characteristics such as the female sex, poor adherence, poor/fair QOL and EFV exposure are associated with anxiety and depression. These factors can be used to distinguish who would need a more in-depth evaluation for these psychiatric disorders.engMahidol UniversityDepressionanxietyHIV-1 infected patientsfemaleefavarenzThailandResearch ArticleTaylor & Francis10.1080/09540121.2016.1201194