Yin WuYin WuYin WuBrooke LevisKira E. RiehmNazanin SaadatAlexander W. LevisMarleine AzarDanielle B. RiceDanielle B. RiceJill BoruffPim CuijpersSimon GilbodyJohn P.A. IoannidisLorie A. KlodaDean McMillanScott B. PattenScott B. PattenIan ShrierIan ShrierRoy C. ZiegelsteinDickens H. AkenaBruce ArrollLiat AyalonHamid R. BaradaranHamid R. BaradaranMurray BaronMurray BaronCharles H. BombardierPeter ButterworthPeter ButterworthGregory CarterMarcos H. ChagasJuliana C.N. ChanJuliana C.N. ChanJuliana C.N. ChanRushina CholeraYeates ConwellJanneke M. De Man-Van GinkelJesse R. FannFelix H. FischerDaniel FungDaniel FungDaniel FungDaniel FungBizu GelayeFelicity Goodyear-SmithCatherine G. GreenoBrian J. HallBrian J. HallPatricia A. HarrisonMartin HärterUlrich HegerlLeanne HidesStevan E. HobfollMarie HudsonMarie HudsonThomas HyphantisMasatoshi InagakiNathalie JettéNathalie JettéNathalie JettéMohammad E. KhamsehKim M. KielyKim M. KielyYunxin KwanFemke LamersShen Ing LiuShen Ing LiuShen Ing LiuShen Ing LiuManote LotrakulSonia R. LoureiroBernd LöweAnthony McGuireSherina Mohd-SidikTiago N. MunhozKumiko MuramatsuFlávia L. OsórioFlávia L. OsórioVikram PatelVikram PatelBrian W. PencePhilippe PersoonsPhilippe PersoonsAngelo PicardiKatrin ReuterAlasdair G. RooneyIná S. SantosJuwita ShaabanAbbey SidebottomAdam SimningLesley StaffordLesley StaffordSharon SungSharon SungPei Lin Lynnette TanAlyna TurnerAlyna TurnerMelbourne InstituteMelbourne School of Psychological SciencesMackay Medical CollegeDuke-NUS Medical School SingaporeCity of MinneapolisHunter Medical Research Institute, AustraliaNiigata Seiryo UniversityMakerere UniversityConcordia UniversityUniversity Medical Center UtrechtRoyal Women's Hospital, CarltonHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthKU Leuven– University Hospital LeuvenThe University of QueenslandMackay Memorial Hospital TaiwanUniversity of New South Wales (UNSW) AustraliaThe University of EdinburghYong Loo Lin School of MedicineShimane UniversityCharité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinUniversiti Putra MalaysiaThe University of North Carolina at Chapel HillKU LeuvenIran University of Medical SciencesUniversitäts Klinikum Freiburg und Medizinische FakultätPrince of Wales Hospital Hong KongUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterNeuroscience Research AustraliaUniversidade de MacauLady Davis Institute for Medical ResearchUNC School of MedicineDeakin UniversityUniversity of Newcastle, Faculty of Health and MedicineUniversity of YorkSaint Joseph's College of MaineFaculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol UniversityUniversity of PittsburghUniversity of Washington, SeattleUniversidade Federal de PelotasIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiStanford UniversityUniversity of Aberdeen School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and NutritionIstituto Superiore Di SanitaSingapore Institute of Mental HealthThe Australian National UniversityVrije Universiteit AmsterdamUniversidade de Sao Paulo - USPGoethe-Universität Frankfurt am MainUniversity of AucklandNanyang Technological UniversityJohns Hopkins UniversityUniversitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf und Medizinische FakultätPanepistimion IoanninonChinese University of Hong KongBar-Ilan UniversityHarvard Medical SchoolSchool of Medical Sciences - Universiti Sains MalaysiaMcGill UniversityTan Tock Seng HospitalUniversity of CalgarySTAR-StressNational Institute of Science and TechnologyAllina Health2020-08-252020-08-252020-06-01Psychological Medicine. Vol.50, No.8 (2020), 1368-138014698978003329172-s2.0-85069052660https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/58148Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019. Item 9 of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) queries about thoughts of death and self-harm, but not suicidality. Although it is sometimes used to assess suicide risk, most positive responses are not associated with suicidality. The PHQ-8, which omits Item 9, is thus increasingly used in research. We assessed equivalency of total score correlations and the diagnostic accuracy to detect major depression of the PHQ-8 and PHQ-9.Methods We conducted an individual patient data meta-analysis. We fit bivariate random-effects models to assess diagnostic accuracy.Results 16 742 participants (2097 major depression cases) from 54 studies were included. The correlation between PHQ-8 and PHQ-9 scores was 0.996 (95% confidence interval 0.996 to 0.996). The standard cutoff score of 10 for the PHQ-9 maximized sensitivity + specificity for the PHQ-8 among studies that used a semi-structured diagnostic interview reference standard (N = 27). At cutoff 10, the PHQ-8 was less sensitive by 0.02 (-0.06 to 0.00) and more specific by 0.01 (0.00 to 0.01) among those studies (N = 27), with similar results for studies that used other types of interviews (N = 27). For all 54 primary studies combined, across all cutoffs, the PHQ-8 was less sensitive than the PHQ-9 by 0.00 to 0.05 (0.03 at cutoff 10), and specificity was within 0.01 for all cutoffs (0.00 to 0.01).Conclusions PHQ-8 and PHQ-9 total scores were similar. Sensitivity may be minimally reduced with the PHQ-8, but specificity is similar.Mahidol UniversityMedicinePsychologyReviewSCOPUS10.1017/S0033291719001314