N. J. WhiteMahidol UniversityNuffield Department of Clinical Medicine2020-01-272020-01-272019-04-01Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Vol.113, No.4 (2019), 163-16818783503003592032-s2.0-85063713412https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/51081© 2018 The Author(s). Until World War II the only clinical phenotype of Plasmodium vivax generally recognised in medicine was one associated with either a long (8-9 months) incubation period or a similarly long interval between initial illness and the first relapse. Long-latency P. vivax strains' were the first in which relapse, drug resistance and pre-erythrocytic development were described. They were the infections in which primaquine radical cure dosing was developed. A long-latency strain' was the first to be fully sequenced. Although long-latency P. vivax is still present in some parts of Asia, North Africa and the Americas, in recent years it has been largely forgotten.Mahidol UniversityImmunology and MicrobiologyMedicineReviewSCOPUS10.1093/trstmh/trz002