Elin NäsströmChristopher M. ParryNga Tran Vu ThieuRapeephan R. MaudeHanna K. de JongMasako FukushimaOlena RzhepishevskaFlorian MarksUrsula PanznerJustin ImHyonjin JeonSeeun ParkZabeen ChaudhuryAniruddha GhoseRasheda SamadTan Trinh VanAnders JohanssonArjen M. DondorpGuy E. ThwaitesAbul FaizHenrik AnttiStephen BakerUmeå UniversitetLiverpool School of Tropical MedicineNagasaki UniversityUniversity of OxfordOxford University Clinical Research UnitMahidol UniversityUniversity of AmsterdamAcademic Medical Centre, University of AmsterdamInternational Vaccine Institute, SeoulChittagong Medical College HospitalDev Care FoundationUniversity of Cambridge2018-12-212019-03-142018-12-212019-03-142017-05-09eLife. Vol.6, (2017)2050084X2-s2.0-85019642607https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/41909© Nasstrom et al. Salmonella Typhi is the causative agent of typhoid. Typhoid is diagnosed by blood culture, a method that lacks sensitivity, portability and speed. We have previously shown that specific metabolomic profiles can be detected in the blood of typhoid patients from Nepal (Nasstrom et al., 2014). Here, we performed mass spectrometry on plasma from Bangladeshi and Senegalese patients with culture confirmed typhoid fever, clinically suspected typhoid, and other febrile diseases including malaria. After applying supervised pattern recognition modelling, we could significantly distinguish metabolite profiles in plasma from the culture confirmed typhoid patients. After comparing the direction of change and degree of multivariate significance, we identified 24 metabolites that were consistently upor down regulated in a further Bangladeshi/Senegalese validation cohort, and the Nepali cohort from our previous work. We have identified and validated a metabolite panel that can distinguish typhoid from other febrile diseases, providing a new approach for typhoid diagnostics.Mahidol UniversityBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular BiologyImmunology and MicrobiologyArticleSCOPUS10.7554/eLife.15651