Thananya ThongtanChutima ThepparitSmith, Duncan R.Mahidol University. Faculty of Medicine. Department of Microbiology.Mahidol University. Institute of Molecular Biosciences. Molecular Pathology LaboratoryMahidol University. Center for Emerging and Neglected Infectious Diseases2015-06-132017-04-252015-06-132017-04-252015-06-132012Clinical and Developmental Immunology. 2012, ID 890586https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/1806Despite the availability of effective vaccines, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infections remain a leading cause of encephalitis in many Asian countries. The virus is transmitted to humans by Culex mosquitoes, and, while the majority of human infections are asymptomatic, up to 30% of JE cases admitted to hospital die and 50% of the survivors suffer from neurological sequelae. Microglia are brain-resident macrophages that play key roles in both the innate and adaptive immune responses in the CNS and are thus of importance in determining the pathology of encephalitis as a result of JEV infection.engMahidol UniversityInvolvementMicroglial CellsJapaneseEncephalitisInfectionsOpen Access articleReview Article10.1155/2012/890586