Stephane KremerFelix RenardSophie AchardMarco A. Lana-PeixotoJacqueline PalaceNasrin AsgariEric C. KlawiterSilvia N. TenembaumBrenda BanwellBenjamin M. GreenbergJeffrey L. BennettMichael LevyPablo VillosladaAlbert SaizKazuo FujiharaKoon Ho ChanSven SchipplingFriedemann PaulHo Jin KimJerome De SezeJens T. WuerfelPhilippe CabreRomain MarignierThomas TedderDanielle Van PeltSimon BroadleyTanuja ChitnisDean WingerchukLekha PanditMaria Isabel LeiteMetha ApiwattanakulIngo KleiterNaraporn PrayoonwiwatMay HanKerstin HellwigKatja Van HerleGareth JohnD. Craig HooperIchiro NakashimaDouglas SatoMichael R. YeamanEmmanuelle WaubantScott ZamvilOlaf StüveOrhan AktasTerry J. SmithAnu JacobKevin O'ConnorUniversitat GottingenUniversity of OxfordMassachusetts General HospitalUT Southwestern Medical SchoolTohoku University School of MedicineCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Fort de FranceCHU de LyonDuke University School of MedicineErasmus University Medical CenterGriffith UniversityMayo Clinic Scottsdale-Phoenix, ArizonaNitte UniversityPrasat Neurological InstituteRuhr-Universitat BochumMahidol UniversityStanford University School of MedicineSt. Josef-Hospital im Katholischen Klinikum BochumThe GJCFThe Mount Sinai HospitalThomas Jefferson UniversityUniversity of California, Los AngelesUniversity of California, San FranciscoHeinrich Heine UniversitatUniversity of Michigan, Ann ArborWalton CenterYale University School of MedicineUniversite de StrasbourgCHU StrasbourgCNRS Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisSyddansk UniversitetVejle SygehusNational Pediatric Hospital Dr. Juan P. GarrahanUniversity of PennsylvaniaThe Children's Hospital of PhiladelphiaUniversity of Colorado Health Sciences CenterJohns Hopkins UniversityHospital Clinic BarcelonaThe University of Hong KongUniversitatsSpital ZurichUniversity Hospital Zurich Neurologische KlinikTechnical High SchoolUniversity of ZurichCharité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinResearch InstituteNational Cancer Center, GyeonggiInserm2018-11-232018-11-232015-07-01JAMA Neurology. Vol.72, No.7 (2015), 815-822216861492-s2.0-84937548674https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/36399Copyright 2015 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Brain parenchymal lesions are frequently observed on conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) spectrum disorder, but the specific morphological and temporal patterns distinguishing them unequivocally from lesions caused by other disorders have not been identified. This literature review summarizes the literature on advanced quantitative imaging measures reported for patients with NMO spectrum disorder, including proton MR spectroscopy, diffusion tensor imaging, magnetization transfer imaging, quantitative MR volumetry, and ultrahigh-field strength MRI. It was undertaken to consider the advanced MRI techniques used for patients with NMO by different specialists in the field. Although quantitative measures such as proton MR spectroscopy or magnetization transfer imaging have not reproducibly revealed diffuse brain injury, preliminary data from diffusion-weighted imaging and brain tissue volumetry indicate greater white matter than gray matter degradation. These findings could be confirmed by ultrahigh-field MRI. The use of nonconventional MRI techniques may further our understanding of the pathogenic processes in NMO spectrum disorders and may help us identify the distinct radiographic features corresponding to specific phenotypic manifestations of this disease.Mahidol UniversityMedicineReviewSCOPUS10.1001/jamaneurol.2015.0248