Narongsak NakwanPichaya LertpichalukKulkanya ChokephaibulkitPaola VillaniMario RegazziRoberto ImbertiHat Yai HospitalMahidol UniversityFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo2018-11-232018-11-232015-01-01Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. Vol.34, No.9 (2015), 961-96315320987089136682-s2.0-84940028250https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/36826Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pulmonary and systemic pharmacokinetics of colistin following a single dose of nebulized colistimethate sodium (CMS) in mechanically ventilated neonates. We administered a single dose of nebulized CMS (approximately 120,000 IU/kg of CMS, equivalent to 4 mg/kg colistin base activity) to 6 ventilated neonates with ventilator-associated pneumonia. The median gestational age was 39 weeks (range, 32-39 weeks). Mean (±SD) tracheal aspirate colistin maximum concentration (C<inf>max</inf>), area under the concentration-time curve (AUC<inf>0-24</inf>) and t<inf>1/2</inf> were 24.0 ± 8.2 μg/mL, 147.6 ± 53.5 μg·hours/mL and 9.8 ± 5.5 hours, respectively. The plasma concentrations of colistin were low. In neonates, a single nebulized dose of CMS (120,000 IU) resulted in high local concentrations for at least 12 hours and low systemic concentrations of colistin. Twice daily nebulization might be more appropriate.Mahidol UniversityMedicineArticleSCOPUS10.1097/INF.0000000000000775