W. Bhanich SupapolR. S. RemisJ. RaboudM. MillsonJ. TapperoR. KaulP. KulkamiM. S. McConnellP. A. MockJ. M. McNichollN. VanpraparS. AsavapiriyanontN. ShafferS. ButeraDalla Lana School of Public HealthUniversity of TorontoUniversity Health Network University of TorontoGlobal AIDS ProgramThailand Ministry of Public HealthMahidol UniversityRajavithi HospitalLaboratory BranchCenters for Disease Control and Prevention2018-09-132018-09-132009-07-15Journal of Infectious Diseases. Vol.200, No.2 (2009), 227-235002218992-s2.0-67650685309https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/28005Background. GB virus C (GBV-C) is an apathogenic virus that inhibits human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in vitro. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of GBV-C has been observed in multiple small studies. Our study examined the rate and correlates of MTCT of GBV-C in a large cohort of GBV-C-HIV-coinfected pregnant women in Thailand. Methods. Maternal delivery plasma specimens from 245 GBV-C-HIV-infected women and specimens from their infants at 4 or 6 months of age were tested for GBV-C RNA. Associations with MTCT of GBV-C were examined using logistic regression. Results. One hundred one (41%) of 245 infants acquired GBV-C infection. MTCT of GBV-C was independently associated with maternal antiretroviral therapy (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 5.21 [95% confidence interval )CI(, 2.12-12.81]), infant HIV infection (AOR, 0.05 [95% CI, 0.01-0.26]), maternal GBV-C load (≥8.0 log10copies/ mL: AOR, 86.77 [95% CI, 15.27-481.70]; 7.0-7.9 log10copies/mL: AOR, 45.62 [95% CI, 8.41-247.51]; 5.0-6.9 log10copies/mL: AOR, 9.07 [95% CI, 1.85-44.33]: reference, <5 log10viral copies/mL), and caesarean delivery (AOR, 0.26 [95% CI, 0.12-0.59]). Conclusions. Associations with maternal GBV-C load and mode of delivery suggest transmission during pregnancy and delivery. Despite mode of delivery being a common risk factor for virus transmission, GBV-C and HIV were rarely cotransmitted. The mechanisms by which maternal receipt of antiretroviral therapy might increase MTCT of GBV-C are unknown. © 2009 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved.Mahidol UniversityMedicineArticleSCOPUS10.1086/599793