Association between Frequency of Consumption of Fruit, Vegetables, Nuts and Pulses and BMI: Analyses of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC)

Clare R. WallAlistair W. StewartRobert J. HancoxRinki MurphyIrene BraithwaiteRichard BeasleyEdwin A. MitchellM. GómezJ. WeylerR. Pinto-VargasA. J.L.A. CunhaL. De Freitas SouzaA. FergusonP. AguilarL. AmaralesL. A.V. BenavidesA. ContrerasY. Z. ChenO. KuniiQ. Li PanN. S. ZhongA. M. CepedaB. N. KoffiC. BustosM. A. RiikjärvR. Sa’aga-BanuveJ. PekkanenE. VlaskiG. ZsigmondS. N. MantriS. K. SharmaC. B. KartasasmitaP. KonthenW. SuprihatiM. R. MasjediH. OdajimaJ. KudzyteM. Barragán-MeijueiroB. E. Del-Río-NavarroF. J. Linares-ZapiénN. Ramírez-ChanonaS. Romero-TapiaZ. BouayadR. MacKayC. MoyesP. PattemoreB. O. OnadekoP. ChiarellaA. BrêborowiczG. LisR. CâmaraJ. M. Lopes dos SantosC. NunesJ. Rosado PintoD. Y. GohH. J. ZarH. B. LeeA. Blanco-QuirósR. M. BusquetsI. Carvajal-UrueñaG. García-HernándezL. García-MarcosC. González DíazA. López-Silvarrey VarelaM. Morales-Suárez-VarelaE. G. Pérez-YarzaO. Al-RawasS. MohammadY. MohammadK. TabbahJ. L. HuangC. C. KaoM. TrakultivakornP. VichyanondH. H. WindomD. HolgadoM. C. LapidesD. SoléM. R. SearsV. AguirreL. WaqatakirewaJ. ShahK. BaratawidjajaS. NishimaM. Baeza-BacabM. I. AsherB. W. LeeHospital y CRS El PinoNational Institute for Health and WelfareUniversidad del Pais Vasco - Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Campus BizkaiaUniversidad Peruana de Ciencias AplicadasGuangzhou Institute of Repiratory DiseaseSchool of Population Health, University of AucklandTishreen UniversityAleppo University HospitalHospital AlcivarSultan Qaboos UniversityCentro Hospitalario Pereira RossellUniversitas PadjadjaranUniversitas DiponegoroUniversitas IndonesiaPoznan University of Medical SciencesKaunas University of MedicineMcMaster UniversityJaslok Hospital and Research CentreUniversidad del Pais VascoUniversity of TokyoUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaCanterbury Health LaboratoriesUniwersytet Jagielloński w KrakowieChang Gung UniversityMedical Research Institute of New ZealandUniversity of OtagoNational University of SingaporeNational Minami-Fukuoka Chest HospitalUniversidade Federal de Sao PauloPeking UniversityNational Hospital Organization, JapanUniversiteit AntwerpenMahidol UniversityNational Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease TehranThe University of British ColumbiaDunedin School of MedicineAll India Institute of Medical Sciences, New DelhiUNICEFWhakatane HospitalUniversity of AucklandUniversidad de Valladolid, Facultad de MedicinaHospital Universitario 12 de OctubreUniversity of ValenciaChiang Mai UniversityUniversidad Autónoma de YucatánUniversity of Cape TownHospital Infantil de Mexico Federico GomezUniversidade Federal da BahiaCoMAAIPERegional Hospital “Lautaro Navarro”Caja Petrolera de SaludHospital de CastroService des Maladies RespiratoiresUniversity of Murcia and IMIB-Arrxaca Research InstituteKao-Chun-Chieh ClinicCenter of Allergy and Immunology of AlgarveXinjiang Children’s HospitalCOMPEDIAUrban Cote d IvoireCentro De Enfermedades Alergicas Y Asma de TolucaCentro Hospitilar do FunchalHospital CRS El PinoCalamaThe Children’s HospitalCentro de Salud de La EríaHanyang University College of MedicinFederal Universtity of Rio de JaneiroUniversity Children's ClinicHospital da LuzAsthma and Allergy Research CenterHospital San BernardoHospital de Alta Especialidad del NiñoTallinn Children’s HospitalHospital PaysandúFundación María José JoveSvábhegyUniversidad MetropolitanaHospital Pedro Hispano2019-08-232019-08-232018-03-07Nutrients. Vol.10, No.3 (2018)207266432-s2.0-85043603731https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/44798© 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Diets which emphasize intakes of plant-based foods are recommended to reduce disease risk and for promoting healthy weight. The aim of this study was to examine the association between fruit, vegetables, pulses and nut intake and body mass index (BMI) across countries in adolescents (13-14 years) and children (6-7 years). Data from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood; 77,243 children’s parents and 201,871 adolescents was used to examine the association between dietary intake (Food Frequency Questionnaire) and BMI using general linear models, adjusting for country gross national index. Adolescents who consumed fruit, vegetables, pulses and nuts three or more times a week had a lower BMI than the never or occasional group; eating nuts three or more times a week, was associated with a BMI value of 0.274 kg/m2 lower than the never group (p < 0.001). Compared to children who never or occasionally reported eating vegetables, those reporting that they ate vegetables three or more times per week had a lower BMI of -0.079 kg/m2. In this large global study, an inverse association was observed between BMI and the reported increasing intake of vegetables in 6-7 years old and fruit, vegetables, pulses and nuts in adolescents. This study supports current dietary recommendations which emphasize the consumption of vegetables, nut and pulses, although the effect sizes were small.Mahidol UniversityAgricultural and Biological SciencesNursingAssociation between Frequency of Consumption of Fruit, Vegetables, Nuts and Pulses and BMI: Analyses of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC)ArticleSCOPUS10.3390/nu10030316