Somchai PathomsiriAli HaghaniMartin DresnerRobert J. WindleMahidol UniversityA. James Clark School Of EngineeringUniversity of Maryland2018-07-122018-07-122008-01-01Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review. Vol.44, No.2 (2008), 235-259136655452-s2.0-35648944849https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/19031The paper assesses productivity of 56 US airports during the period 2000-2003. Unlike past work, this study models joint production of both desirable and undesirable outputs (i.e., delays) using the non-parametric directional output distance function. Results are compared to those from models that do not include undesirable outputs. The results show that if delayed flights are excluded from the model, many large but congested airports are found to be efficient. After accounting for delays, small, less congested airports are also found on the efficient frontier. Finally, the model is also used to analyze the effects of other variables. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Mahidol UniversityBusiness, Management and AccountingDecision SciencesSocial SciencesArticleSCOPUS10.1016/j.tre.2007.07.002