Ian H. CheesemanBecky A. MillerShalini NairStandwell NkhomaAsako TanJohn C. TanSalma Al SaaiAung Pyae PhyoCarit Ler MooKhin Maung LwinRose McGreadyElizabeth AshleyMallika ImwongKasia StepniewskaPoravuth YiArjen M. DondorpMayfong MayxayPaul N. NewtonNicholas J. WhiteFrançois NostenMichael T. FerdigTimothy J.C. AndersonTexas Biomedical Research InstituteUniversity of Notre DameShoklo Malaria Research UnitMahidol UniversityChurchill HospitalMahosot HospitalWorldWide Antimalarial Resistance NetworkNational Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control2018-06-112018-06-112012-04-06Science. Vol.335, No.6077 (2012), 79-8210959203003680752-s2.0-84859506329https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/15247Evolving resistance to artemisinin-based compounds threatens to derail attempts to control malaria. Resistance has been confirmed in western Cambodia and has recently emerged in western Thailand, but is absent from neighboring Laos. Artemisinin resistance results in reduced parasite clearance rates (CRs) after treatment. We used a two-phase strategy to identify genome region(s) underlying this ongoing selective event. Geographical differentiation and haplotype structure at 6969 polymorphic single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 91 parasites from Cambodia, Thailand, and Laos identified 33 genome regions under strong selection. We screened SNPs and microsatellites within these regions in 715 parasites from Thailand, identifying a selective sweep on chromosome 13 that shows strong association (P = 10 -6 to 10 -12 ) with slow CRs, illustrating the efficacy of targeted association for identifying the genetic basis of adaptive traits.Mahidol UniversityMultidisciplinaryArticleSCOPUS10.1126/science.1215966