Jannik StemlerCaroline BrunsSibylle C. MellinghoffNael AlakelHamdi AkanMichelle Ananda‐rajahJutta AubergerPeter BojkoPranatharthi H. ChandrasekarMethee ChayakulkeereeJosé A. CozziElizabeth A. de KortAndreas H. GrollChristopher H. HeathLarissa HenzeMarcos Hernandez JimenezSouha S. KanjNina KhannaMichael KoldehoffDong Gun LeeAlina MagerFrancesco MarchesiRodrigo Martino‐bufarullMarcio NucciJarmo OksiLivio PaganoBob PhillipsJuergen PrattesAthina PyrpasopoulouWerner RabitschEnrico SchalkMartin Schmidt‐hieberNeeraj SidharthanPere Soler‐palacínAnat SternBarbora WeinbergerováAline El ZakhemOliver A. CornelyPhilipp KoehlerFiona Stanley HospitalPathWest Laboratory Medicine WAFondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS Università Cattolica del Sacro CuoreAmerican University of Beirut Medical CenterUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, RomeUniversity of Western AustraliaUniversitätsspital BaselTurun Yliopistollinen KeskussairaalaDresden University Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav CarusUniversität Rostock Uniklinikum und Medizinische FakultätUniversidad de CaraboboUniversity of CologneFakultni Nemocnice BrnoWayne State University School of MedicineMonash UniversityOtto von Guericke University of MagdeburgUniversity of YorkIRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer InstituteAnkara ÜniversitesiMedizinische Universitat WienFaculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol UniversityHospital de La Santa Creu I Sant PauCarl-Thiem-KlinikumUniklinik KölnAmrita Institute of Medical Sciences IndiaUniversitäts Klinikum Essen und Medizinische FakultätLeeds General InfirmaryUniversitätsklinikum MünsterMedizinische Universität GrazHippokration General HospitalThe Catholic University of KoreaRadboud University Nijmegen Medical CentreUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroOnkologische Schwerpunktpraxis FreilassingPediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies UnitGerman Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-CologneHospital Ciudad Dr. Enrique TejeraInfectious Diseases InstituteRed Cross Hospital MunichHospital Provincial del Centenario2020-05-052020-05-052020-03-01Journal of Fungi. Vol.6, No.1 (2020)2309608X2-s2.0-85082443992https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/54438© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Baseline chest computed tomography (BCT) in high‐risk hematology patients allows for the early diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). The distribution of BCT implementation in hematology departments and impact on outcome is unknown. A web‐based questionnaire was designed. International scientific bodies were invited. The estimated numbers of annually treated hematology patients, chest imaging timepoints and techniques, IPA rates, and follow‐up imaging were assessed. In total, 142 physicians from 43 countries participated. The specialties included infectious diseases (n = 69; 49%), hematology (n = 68; 48%), and others (n = 41; 29%). BCT was performed in 57% (n = 54) of 92 hospitals. Upon the diagnosis of malignancy or admission, 48% and 24% performed BCT, respectively, and X‐ray was performed in 48% and 69%, respectively. BCT was more often used in hematopoietic cell transplantation and in relapsed acute leukemia. European centers performed BCT in 59% and non‐European centers in 53%. Median estimated IPA rate was 8% and did not differ between BCT (9%; IQR 5–15%) and non‐BCT centers (7%; IQR 5–10%) (p = 0.69). Follow‐up computed tomography (CT) for IPA was performed in 98% (n = 90) of centers. In high‐risk hematology patients, baseline CT is becoming a standard‐of‐care. Chest X‐ray, while inferior, is still widely used. Randomized, controlled trials are needed to investigate the impact of BCT on patient outcome.Mahidol UniversityAgricultural and Biological SciencesMedicineArticleSCOPUS10.3390/jof6010036