Koirala P.Malav O.P.Rai S.Palanisamy G.Agrawal A.Dhar B.K.Bekhit A.E.D.A.Deokar G.S.Nirmal N.Mahidol University2024-07-312024-07-312024-09-01Trends in Food Science and Technology Vol.151 (2024)09242244https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/100069Background: Non-bovine milks and its products have been reported to provide exceptional nutritional properties and have lower allergenicity compared to bovine milk. Non-bovine milks contain substantial quantities of oligosaccharides, proteins, fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and bioactive peptides. Furthermore, bioactive compounds present in non-bovine milks have been reported to enhance the human body's defense system and modulate gut microbiota. As with bovine milk, the biochemical composition of non-bovine milks varies depending on the animal breed, age, season, feed type, and environmental conditions. Scope and approach: This review investigated non-bovine milk from goat, sheep, camel, mare, and donkeys and their nutritional composition. Special emphasis has been given to the effects of non-bovine milks on the human gut microbiome and their contribution to well-being. Finally, the conclusion and future research directions on the evaluation of non-bovine milks on human gut microbiota are outlined. Key findings and conclusions: The results indicated that the non-bovine milks can be used to produce various dairy products which are an alternative to bovine milk. Furthermore, non-bovine milks have been reported to enhance health-promoting bacteria, while suppressing infection-causing bacteria in the human gut microbiota. Therefore, non-bovine milks should be promoted worldwide as a healthy alternative to conventional bovine milk and more critical research is needed to explore the optimal potential of non-bovine milks.Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular BiologyAgricultural and Biological SciencesReviewSCOPUS10.1016/j.tifs.2024.1046422-s2.0-85199441024