Lung Fa PanKeng Yi WuKe Lin ChenSamrit KittipayakLung Kwang PanTaichung Armed Forces General HospitalCentral Taiwan University of Science and TechnologyMahidol UniversityTriservice General Hospital TaiwanNingbo First Hospital2020-01-272020-01-272019-11-01Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology. Vol.19, No.7 (2019)021951942-s2.0-85073878287https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/50823© 2019 World Scientific Publishing Company. Objective: To optimize the minimum detectable difference (MDD) of a cardiac X-ray imaging system using the Taguchi L8(27) analysis and a precise line pair (LP) gauge. Methods: The optimal combination of the four critical factors of the cardiac X-ray imaging system, namely X-ray focus, kilovoltage (kVp), milliamper-seconds (mAs) and source image distance (SID), providing the MDD was calculated via the Taguchi analysis and experimentally verified. Two (low and high) levels were assigned for each factor, and eight combinations of four factors were used to acquire instant X-ray images using an NDT commercial LP gauge (with a gauge length of 64mm and a width of 3.5mm). The latter had five lines and was split gradually from top to bottom for the inspection of X-ray images, whose quality was ranked by three well-trained radiologists according to the double-blind criterion. The ranking grade was given by sharp contrast, low noise and precision to distinguish the LP. Accordingly, the MDD was derived to represent the spatial resolution of instant X-ray images by the revised Student's t-test analysis. The optimal combination of factors was experimentally identified and clinically verified in the follow-up inspections. Results: For the conventional setting, Group No. 7 (which obtained the highest grade among eight groups) and the optimal setting, the obtained MDD values were 0.183, 0.167 and 0.157mm, respectively, while the LP (line pair/mm) interpolated from the gauge scale amounted to 2.7, 3.1 and 3.2LP/mm, respectively. Conclusion: The Taguchi L8 analysis was proved to be instrumental in optimizing the cardiac X-ray imaging system MDD and is recommended to be used jointly with the revised Student's t-test analysis for improving the spatial resolution of instant X-ray images.Mahidol UniversityEngineeringArticleSCOPUS10.1142/S021951941940030X