Chumsin SiriautAdisak BhumiratanaSurachart KoyadunKowit AnuratPratana SatitvipaweeDepartment of ParasitologyMahidol UniversityThailand Ministry of Public HealthVector Borne Disease Control Center 11.5 (Ranong)2018-06-212018-06-212005-07-01Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health. Vol.36, No.4 (2005), 832-840012515622-s2.0-27744532647https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/16928Seven microfilaremic Myanmar patients were treated with a single 300 mg dose of diethylcarbamazine (DEC) orally, as part of a case-finding survey in Ranong Province, Southern Thailand. This was conducted in order to evaluate the short-term effects of single-dose DEC on Wuchereria bancrofti microfilaremia and antigenemia during a 12-week course of treatment. Analysis of microfilarial periodicity on initial treatment revealed the microfilarial peak density (k) was at 52 minutes after midnight (0052). The periodicity index was then 103.26%. Single-dose DEC treatment did not affect the k values. A linear model of W. bancrofti microfilarial density reduction predicts a sharp decrease in the mean microfilarial density 2 weeks after DEC intake (Z=-2.197, p=0.028). Over a longer period, a non-linear model predicts an increase in the mean microfilarial density to pre-treatment levels, having little or no macrofilaricidal effects. We reconfirmed the existence of nocturnally periodic W. bancrofti infection in Myanmar migrants in Ranong Province, and the short-term microfilaricidal activity of 300 mg single-dose DEC treatment used for biannual mass treatment and the DEC provocative test. Without an adequate DEC treatment dose, recrudescence can occur. A rational approach to the management of introduced nocturnally periodic W. bancrofti in Myanmar migrants, who came for short periods of stay in transmission-prone areas, is needed.Mahidol UniversityMedicineArticleSCOPUS