Bram RochwergSharon EinavDipayan ChaudhuriJordi ManceboTommaso MauriYigal HelvizEwan C. GoligherSamir JaberJean Damien RicardNuttapol RittayamaiOriol RocaMassimo AntonelliSalvatore Maurizio MaggioreAlexandre DemouleCarol L. HodgsonAlain MercatM. Elizabeth WilcoxDavid GrantonDominic WangElie AzoulayLamia Ouanes-BesbesGilda CinnellaMichela RauseoCarlos CarvalhoArmand Dessap-MekontsoJohn FraserJean Pierre FratCharles GomersallGiacomo GrasselliGonzalo HernandezSameer JogAntonio PesentiElisabeth D. RivielloArthur S. SlutskyRenee D. StapletonDaniel TalmorArnaud W. ThilleLaurent BrochardKaren E.A. BurnsAlfred HealthIAME Infection Antimicrobials Modelling EvolutionCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades RespiratoriasKeenan Research Centre for Biomedical ScienceLi Ka Shing Knowledge InstituteDeenanath Mangeshkar Hospital and Research Center, PuneFondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS Università Cattolica del Sacro CuoreCHU Fattouma-BourguibaUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, RomeMcMaster UniversityCHU MontpellierThe University of QueenslandUniversità degli Studi di MilanoUniversité Paris-Est CréteilComplejo Hospitalario de ToledoHôpital Henri MondorUniversità degli Studi di FoggiaShaare Zedek Medical CenterAP-HP Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de ParisCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de PoitiersMonash UniversityInstituto do Coracao do Hospital das ClinicasUniversity of TorontoUniversity Health Network University of TorontoFaculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie de l'Universite de PoitiersUniversite d'AngersHospital Universitari Vall d'HebronHospital Universitari de BellvitgeFaculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol UniversityUniversity of VermontHebrew University of JerusalemUniversity of G. d'Annunzio Chieti and PescaraHopital Louis-MourierThe Prince Charles HospitalHôpital Saint-LouisChinese University of Hong KongHarvard Medical SchoolSorbonne UniversiteCardiopulmonary Research in Intensive Care and Toxicology2020-12-282020-12-282020-12-01Intensive Care Medicine. Vol.46, No.12 (2020), 2226-223714321238034246422-s2.0-85096111314https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/60549© 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. Purpose: High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a relatively recent respiratory support technique which delivers high flow, heated and humidified controlled concentration of oxygen via the nasal route. Recently, its use has increased for a variety of clinical indications. To guide clinical practice, we developed evidence-based recommendations regarding use of HFNC in various clinical settings. Methods: We formed a guideline panel composed of clinicians, methodologists and experts in respiratory medicine. Using GRADE, the panel developed recommendations for four actionable questions. Results: The guideline panel made a strong recommendation for HFNC in hypoxemic respiratory failure compared to conventional oxygen therapy (COT) (moderate certainty), a conditional recommendation for HFNC following extubation (moderate certainty), no recommendation regarding HFNC in the peri-intubation period (moderate certainty), and a conditional recommendation for postoperative HFNC in high risk and/or obese patients following cardiac or thoracic surgery (moderate certainty). Conclusions: This clinical practice guideline synthesizes current best-evidence into four recommendations for HFNC use in patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure, following extubation, in the peri-intubation period, and postoperatively for bedside clinicians.Mahidol UniversityMedicineArticleSCOPUS10.1007/s00134-020-06312-y