Mahidol University's Institutional Repository
คลังสารสนเทศสถาบันของมหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล
"Wisdom Repository You Discover"
To collect Mahidol University's academic publications and intellectual properties more than 39 faculties
To present over 50,000 items of information in digital formats
To make it easy to access to all information at anytime, anywhere
Communities in Mahidol IR
Select a community to browse its collections.
Recent Submissions
Incidence and Clinical Characteristics of Active Tuberculosis in Psoriasis Patients From a High-Burden Setting: An 18-Year Retrospective Study of 86 Patients
(2025-07-01) Trakanwittayarak S.; Chularojanamontri L.; Chaiyabutre C.; Silpa-archa N.; Wongpraparut C.; Chiowchanwisawakit P.; Trakanwittayarak S.; Mahidol University
Real-world data on concurrent psoriasis and active tuberculosis (TB) remain limited, particularly in high TB-burden settings. This retrospective study evaluated the incidence, prevalence, and clinical characteristics of psoriasis patients with active TB who had received topical or systemic treatments. Medical records from 13 066 psoriasis patients who presented at Siriraj Hospital over 18 years were reviewed. Among these, 86 (0.66%) developed active TB, yielding an incidence range of 135–1332 per 100 000 psoriasis patients. The mean patient age was 50.4 ± 15.7 years; 63 were men and 23 were women. Pulmonary TB occurred in 55 patients (64.0%), whereas 31 (36.0%) developed extrapulmonary TB. Male sex and smoking were associated with pulmonary TB. The most common pulmonary symptoms were chronic cough (65.5%) and dyspnoea (60.0%), although 7.3% were asymptomatic. Time to TB onset was shorter for extrapulmonary cases (5.7 ± 5.1 years) than for pulmonary cases (7.4 ± 6.5 years), but this difference was not statistically significant. Extrapulmonary disease most frequently involved the lymph node and pleura (25.8%) or the gastrointestinal tract (16.1%). Notably, all four patients who received infliximab within 1 year before TB diagnosis developed extrapulmonary TB. In conclusion, the incidence of TB in psoriasis patients in endemic regions may be high. Geographic factors, sex, smoking, and treatment history appear to influence TB risk. Close monitoring is critical, particularly in high-burden settings.
Toxic elements levels and risk assessment in lung and Bhutan oyster mushrooms and their cultivation matrices
(2025-08-01) Boonyingsathit K.; Sridonpai P.; Trachootham D.; Sungayuth N.; Judprasong K.; Boonyingsathit K.; Mahidol University
This study evaluated toxic element concentrations and associated health risks in two cultivated oyster mushroom species (Pleurotus pulmonarius and P. sajor-caju) in Thailand. Arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) were quantified in fruiting bodies and substrates using ICP-QQQ-MS. Statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA (p < 0.05) confirmed species-specific differences in metal accumulation. Mean concentrations in mushrooms were below national and international limits: Pb ranged from 0.010 to 0.028 mg/kg, Cd 0.036–0.038 mg/kg, Hg 0.0031–0.0037 mg/kg, and As 0.019–0.028 mg/kg (wet weight). However, risk assessments revealed that children consuming large amounts could exceed safe exposure thresholds. The hazard quotient (HQ) for Cd and Hg remained below 1 in all groups (Cd: 0.002–0.259; Hg: 0.0005–0.0919). Inorganic arsenic exposure resulted in margin of exposure (MOE) values as low as 1.1 in children aged 3–5.9 years (97.5th percentile), indicating elevated risk. Lead exposure exceeded the U.S. FDA interim reference level in children consuming grilled or boiled P. pulmonarius (up to 114.9 % IRL). Substrate analysis showed that rubber-wood sawdust and rice bran contributed 77.9 % and 9.2 % of total Pb burden, respectively. Metal uptake was species-dependent: P. pulmonarius absorbed 9.7 % of As and 1.7 % of Pb from substrate, compared to 6.6 % and 0.6 % in P. sajor-caju. These findings emphasize the role of substrate quality and species selection in ensuring food safety. Enhanced monitoring and substrate control are recommended to minimize risk in sensitive populations.
Laryngeal ultrasound for the prediction of severe laryngomalacia
(2025-01-01) Duantaweesook A.; Vathanophas V.; Ungkanont K.; Tanphaichitr A.; Wannarong T.; Amornsitthiwat R.; Duantaweesook A.; Mahidol University
BACKGROUND: Laryngeal ultrasound (LUS) is a noninvasive, painless, and radiation-free imaging method that presents a promising alternative, especially for the dynamic assessment of laryngeal structures. It can also be utilized by general practitioners. This study assesses the diagnostic accuracy, patient comfort, and cost-effectiveness of LUS compared to flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy (FFL) for diagnosing laryngomalacia in infants aged ≤ 2 years with stridor-specific airway issues. METHODS: A total of 43 infants presented with inspiratory stridor or other airway symptoms and underwent assessments using both flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy and laryngeal ultrasound. Laryngomalacia was diagnosed based on a vocal fold-arytenoid abduction angle of ≤120° and arytenoid and/or vocal fold collapse during inspiration. The diagnostic performance of LUS was compared with FFL, and the severity of the disease was evaluated. Both the pediatric endoscopist and radiologist were blinded to the patients' diagnoses and study results. RESULTS: A total of participants was included in the study, comprising 35% males and 65% females. The mean age of 4.52 ± 5.44 months and the mean weight of 4.62 ± 2.23 kg. Laryngomalacia was diagnosed in 60% of cases using FFL, with seven infants requiring surgical intervention; all were also identified as having laryngomalacia via LUS. LUS demonstrated diagnostic efficiency for laryngomalacia in 7 out of 19 infants, with a sensitivity of 26.92%, specificity of 100%, negative predictive value of 47.22%, and positive predictive value of 100%. The overall diagnostic accuracy of LUS was 55.8%. CONCLUSION: While LUS cannot replace FFL as the primary diagnostic tool for infant laryngomalacia, it serves as a valuable adjunct for follow-up assessments and for identifying moderate to severe cases that may require surgical intervention. Further research and advancements in ultrasound technology may enhance diagnostic accuracy and broaden clinical applications for general practitioners.
An AI-Assisted Study on the Vibrato of the French Flute School Based Upon Philippe Gaubert’s 1919-1920 Recordings
(2025-01-01) Guo D.; Fyr K.; Yu S.; Guo D.; Mahidol University
This study investigates the conception and application of vibrato within the French Flute School, specifically examining the pedagogical approaches detailed in the Taffanel-Gaubert Method (1923) in conjunction with Philippe Gaubert’s historical recordings. After the death of Paul Taffanel, the founder of the French Flute School, Gaubert edited and co-authored the Taffanel-Gaubert Method, which remains popular and prevalently used even today. Through Gaubert’s extensive recordings, performance practices of his era can now be accessed to illuminate the aesthetic principles. By juxtaposing Gaubert’s recordings against recordings of flutists from the American and British Flute Schools, the authors focus on how vibrato is used as an expressive tool and how the method of the French Flute School has influenced their counterparts in US and UK. The analysis reveals that Gaubert did not oppose to the use of vibrato, but he was definitely against its misuse or its excess. Notably, the musical instruction “espressif” in the scores frequently correlates with sustained application of vibrato in Gaubert’s performance. Furthermore, Gaubert’s refined application of vibrato based on musical setting contributed to a distinctive personal style. Utilizing artificial intelligence tools, this study conducts quantitative analyses and visualizations of vibrato passages in Gaubert’s diverse musical repertoire, thereby approximating the aesthetic underpinnings of his approach. These findings underscore that vibrato in the French Flute School transcends mere technical execution but embodies a fundamental aspect of artistic musical expression.
In Vitro Synergistic Antiviral Effects of β-D-N4-hydroxycytidine and Teriflunomide in Combination against a Broad Range of RNA Viruses
(2025-07-01) Sirihongthong T.; Jitobaom K.; Boonarkart C.; Thongon S.; Auewarakul P.; Sirihongthong T.; Mahidol University
Emerging and important endemic viral diseases without effective antiviral are important public health threat. An effective broad-spectrum antiviral can be a pivotal tool to mitigate future epidemics and provide a solution for endemic viral diseases. Molnupiravir, a pyrimidine analog, is known for the COVID-19 treatment. It has been shown to inhibit a broad range of RNA viruses. Inhibition of de novo pyrimidine synthesis by teriflunomide, a dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitor, also showed potent antiviral activity against various RNA viruses. Mechanistically, pyrimidine synthesis inhibition should enhance the activity of molnupiravir as it reduces competition of native nucleotides to incorporate into nascent viral RNA. Molnupiravir and teriflunomide combination has been recently shown to have synergistic effect against SARS-CoV-2. Here we show that the combination of β-D-N4-hydroxycytidine, the active form of molnupiravir, and teriflunomide also showed synergistic activity against many RNA viruses. This combination may offer an effective antiviral regimen not only for future emerging viral diseases but also existing important viral diseases.