Mahidol University's Institutional Repository
คลังสารสนเทศสถาบันของมหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล
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Recent Submissions
Suppression of adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR) expression stimulates immunity and enhances white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) resistance in Penaeus vannamei
(2026-08-01) Sawang-arom N.; Chotwiwatthanakun C.; Buathongkam P.; Pudgerd A.; Panrat T.; Kittiwongpukdee K.; Saedan S.; Sritunyalucksana K.; Vanichviriyakit R.; Sawang-arom N.; Mahidol University
Adenosine Deaminase Acting on RNA (ADAR) is an enzyme that converts adenosine (A) to inosine (I) in RNA nucleotides, which can inhibit Dicer function during RNA interference, promoting viral replication and reducing the immune response. This research identified and characterized ADAR in the whiteleg shrimp, Penaeus vannamei, and investigated its role in regulating innate immunity during infection with the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). The complete cDNA of P. vannamei ADAR (PvADAR) consisted of 2567 nucleotides encoding 690 amino acids with a molecular weight of 77.5 kDa. PvADAR was highly expressed in hemocytes. Downregulation of PvADAR by injection of PvADAR-specific double-stranded RNA (dsPvADAR) at concentrations of 1 μg/g body weight resulted in upregulation of proPO, lysozyme, caspase-3, and argonaute-2 gene expression. Moreover, the total hemocyte count increased significantly from 6 to 72 h post dsPvADAR injection. The WSSV challenge was performed by immersion (105 and 106 viral copies/ml of WSSV). Samples were collected at 6-h intervals for up to 72 h post-infection to evaluate immune-related gene expression of proPO, lysozyme, caspase-3, and argonaute-2. During WSSV infection, PvADAR expression decreased, while proPO, caspase-3, and argonaute-2 increased at early stages, with lysozyme showing late-stage upregulation. In addition, the WSSV challenge was conducted in PvADAR-downregulated shrimp; dsPvADAR (1 μg/g body weight) was injected 24 h prior to the challenge. The results showed significant upregulation of immune-related genes, except for argonaute-2. Notably, shrimp injected with dsPvADAR showed significantly reduced viral loads and improved survival probability, particularly in the shrimp challenged with 106 viral copies/ml of WSSV. These results indicated that suppressing PvADAR increased expression of immune-related genes under both normal conditions and during WSSV infection, suggesting that PvADAR negatively affects the shrimp immune response. Moreover, suppressing PvADAR levels in shrimp could lower viral replication and promote survival probability. This approach may lead to a new strategy for promoting shrimp immunity, thereby increasing shrimp resistance to pathogens and benefiting aquaculture.
Anti-DENV IgE correlates with dengue severity and triggers FcεRI-dependent basophil activation inhibited by Omalizumab
(2026-03-19) Chan-In W.; Vacharathit V.; Tancharoen W.; Duangchinda T.; Mongkolsapaya J.; Matangkasombut P.; Chan-In W.; Mahidol University
Corrigendum to 'Single vs Triple-Headed Toothbrushes in Children With Special Needs: A Randomised Crossover Trial of Brushing Efficacy' [International Dental Journal, Volume 76, Issue 2, April 2026, 109388
(2026-06-01) Tanaiadchawoot T.; Smutkeeree A.; Khamduangdao S.; Kasemkhun P.; Tanaiadchawoot T.; Mahidol University
A dual-purpose NIR fluorescent probe for imaging cysteine/homocysteine in living cells and detecting cysteine in food samples
(2026-10-01) Khaikate O.; Phudphong P.; Saiyasombat W.; Ouengwanarat B.; Wonglakhon T.; Kamkaew A.; Kuhakarn C.; Khaikate O.; Mahidol University
Cysteine (Cys) and homocysteine (Hcy) are important biothiols that contribute to the maintenance of physiological homeostasis and are closely associated with various diseases. However, their concentrations in living systems are significantly lower than that of glutathione (GSH), which poses a considerable challenge for the selective detection of Cys/Hcy in the presence of abundant GSH. In this work, a 2-mercaptopyridine moiety that serves as both a quencher and a recognition unit was incorporated into an asymmetric heptamethine cyanine scaffold (Cy7-TCF) to create the near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe (Cy7-TCF-Spy). The Cy7-TCF-Spy probe enabled selective detection and fluorescence bioimaging of Cys/Hcy. Although the Cy7-TCF-Spy probe displayed negligible fluorescence in its initial state, upon interaction with Cys or Hcy, it exhibited a strong fluorescence emission at 774 nm even in the presence of GSH. The probe also demonstrated high sensitivity toward Cys/Hcy, with respective detection limit of 95 nM and 67 nM, low cytotoxicity, large Stokes shift (104 nm), and fast responsive time (within 1 min). In addition, high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations were performed to elucidate the fluorescence response mechanism of the probe. Importantly, Cy7-TCF-SPy successfully visualized exogenous Cys/Hcy in A549 cells. Furthermore, the probe was capable of detecting Cys in various food samples, including apple, cabbage, celery, carrot, potato, onion, red onion, and Thai whisky, highlighting its practical applicability in food analysis.
Priority research questions in global peatland science
(2026-12-01) Milner A.M.; McKeown M.M.; Ruwaimana M.; Gallego-Sala A.; Loisel J.; Menges J.; Roland T.P.; Ahiable C.A.E.; Akwany L.O.; Alarcon-Prado P.; Anshari G.; Alappat L.; Baird A.J.; Bąk M.; Bambuta Boole J.J.; Batten S.E.; Beaudoin Y.; Bechtold M.; Bu Z.J.; Budisusanti S.P.M.; Benavides J.C.; Chawchai S.; Chimner R.A.; Cobb A.R.; Cole L.E.S.; Connolly J.; Calvo Vargas J.C.; Courtney-Mustaphi C.J.; Davidson S.J.; de la Peña A.; Duley E.; Elshehawi S.; Espinoza León I.; Finkelstein S.A.; Garneau M.; Girkin N.T.; Glen E.; Grover S.; Grundling P.L.; Handley J.N.; Helfter C.; Hergoualc’h K.; Hoyt A.M.; Huang X.; Imani G.; James A.; Kabonyi Nzabandora C.; Kagaba Kairumba C.; Kansiime F.; Kolka R.K.; Koren G.; Korhola A.; Krisnawati H.; Kumar R.; Lamentowicz M.; Lång K.; Larmola T.; Lewis S.L.; Lopez O.R.; López-Blanco E.; Lupascu M.; Maldonado-Fonken M.; Marchant R.; Marcisz K.; Mazei N.G.; Mazei Y.A.; Mbasi M.; Melling L.; Miles L.; Montanarella L.; Moss P.T.; Murgía-Flores F.; NGuyen M.K.; Novita N.; Oliver D.J.S.; Orijemie E.A.; Osaki M.; Page S.E.; Pancost R.D.; Pandey S.; Püschel Hoeneisen N.; Quintana Zagaceta C.H.; Ratnayake A.S.; Reed M.S.; Rochefort L.; Saavedra B.; Samuel J.; Scheel P.; Schutten H.; Siegert F.; Signori-Müller C.; Strack M.; Stolle F.; Swindles G.T.; Tanneberger F.; Turetsky M.R.; Urciuolo A.B.; Väliranta M.; Verstraeten G.; Warren M.; Milner A.M.; Mahidol University
Peatlands are among Earth’s largest terrestrial carbon stores and are crucial for climate regulation, biodiversity conservation, and water security. Yet peatlands worldwide are deteriorating under pressures from climate change and human disturbance. Strategic, globally coordinated research is urgently needed to protect, restore and manage peatlands so they can continue to deliver essential ecosystem services. To meet this challenge, here we present a global research prioritisation for peatland science, based on a two-stage online survey and expert voting exercise involving 467 participants from 54 countries. We identify 50 priority research questions spanning carbon dynamics, climate impacts, restoration and management, technological innovation, and community and policy engagement. These questions provide a community-informed agenda to guide peatland research over the next decade. Addressing them will help close critical knowledge gaps, strengthen evidence-based decision making, and support the role of peatlands in achieving global climate and biodiversity goals.