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Association between core competency, transformative competencies and staff readiness for change : a case study of a leading private hospital in Thailand
(Mahidol University, 2022) Chutikarn Luesaksiriwattana; Sukhontha Kongsin; Sukhum Jiamton; Krit Pongpirul
This analytical cross-sectional study was to assess staff readiness for change in core competencies and transformative competencies, and to find the relationship between personal characteristics, core competencies and transformative competencies related to staff readiness for change. This case study was conducted in a leading private hospital in Thailand. Samples were 134 staff who have been working in direct patient care and back-office, excluding physicians. Research instruments were online questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-squared test and Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient. The results showed that core competencies and opinions on motivation for change were at the highest level (Mean=3.44 and 3.36 respectively). Significant factors related to staff readiness for change in the private hospital were job level (p=0.03), core competencies and transformative competencies (p<0.01). The study findings also demonstrated that two factors were significantly correlated with staff readiness for change (r=0.50 and 0.52, respectively, and p<0.01). According to the research results, hospital administrators should reconsider the plan to find a platform that can manage, delegate and track all projects in order to create high performance of staff. Moreover, administrators should consider staff benefits policy in order to retain a qualified employee. Implication of the thesis: This study suggests the need for further qualitative studies using in-depth interviews for gathering informative insights. Also, future studies would require data collection from the beginning and during the implementation of the change program to find a relationship between readiness for change and implementation by applying a theory of monitoring and evaluation to increase benefits of research results.; การวิจัยเชิงวิเคราะห์แบบภาพตัดขวาง มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อวัดความพร้อมของบุคลากรในการเปลี่ยนแปลงสมรรถนะหลัก และการเปลี่ยนแปลงสมรรถนะของบุคลากร ศึกษาหาความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างลักษณะส่วนบุคคล สมรรถนะหลัก และการเปลี่ยนแปลงสมรรถนะ กับความพร้อมของบุคลากรในการเปลี่ยนแปลง โดยเก็บข้อมูลจากบุคลากรในส่วนสำนักงาน และผู้ให้การบริการดูแลกับผู้ป่วยโดยตรง ไม่นับรวมแพทย์ จำนวน 134 คน ณ โรงพยาบาลเอกชนแห่งหนึ่งในประเทศไทย ใช้แบบสอบถามรูปแบบออนไลน์ สถิติที่ใช้ในการวิเคราะห์ คือ สถิติเชิงพรรณนา ไคสแควร์ และสัมประสิทธิ์สหสัมพันธ์ของเพียร์สัน ผลการวิจัยพบว่า สมรรถนะหลัก และความเห็นด้านแรงจูงใจสำหรับการเปลี่ยนแปลง อยู่ในระดับสูงที่สุด (Mean=3.44 และ 3.36 ตามลำดับ) และพบว่าระดับขั้นของบุคลากร (p=0.03) สมรรถนะหลัก และการเปลี่ยนแปลงสมรรถนะ (p<0.01) มีความ
Effect of physical and enzymatic modification processes on in vitro starch digestibility, resistant starch, and estimated glycemic index of lotus seed flour (Nelumbo Nucifera)
(Mahidol University, 2022) Pornnutcha Sopawong; Daruneewan Warodomwichit; Nattapol Tangsuphoom; Warangkana Srichamnong; Pawadee Methacanon
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of physical and enzymatic modifications of lotus seed flour (Nelumbo nucifera) on in vitro starch digestibility, resistant starch, and estimated glycemic index. In this study, lotus seed flour was modified using physical (partial gelatinization; PG, heat-moisture treatment; HMT) and enzymatic (pullulanase; EP) modifications. Their composition, physicochemical properties, starch digestibility, and estimated glycemic index (eGI) were then investigated. The effect of modifications displayed a significant (p<0.05) difference on the properties of native and modified lotus seed flour, such as proximate analysis, amylose content, resistant starch content, pasting properties, solubility, swelling power, and estimated glycemic index. The results showed that the protein content of heat-moisture treated flour (HMT) was twice lower than that of native flour. The amylose content of all modified flours significantly increased, with the highest content in HMT2 (34.57%). All modified flours except partial-gelatinized flour (PG) also had higher resistant starch content (>80%) than native flour. Swelling power of PG significantly (p<0.05) increased; on the other hand, HMT1, HMT2, and EP significantly (p<0.05) decreased compared with the native flour. Solubility of all modified flours significantly (p<0.05) decreased after modification, and EP had the lowest solubility. Among the studied modifications, treatment with pullulanase resulted in pullulanase-modified flour (EP) with higher peak viscosity (3529.42 cP), while the rest resulted in samples with lower peak viscosity (421.78 cP) compared to native flour (1373.98 cP). The modifications also contributed to the change in pasting temperature of samples, which followed the order: HMT > EP > native > PG. With the eGI index below 55, HMT and EP samples were classified as low GI flours. These results revealed that lotus seed flour modified through either heat-moisture or pullulanase treatments can be a potential carbohydrate source for diabetic patients or health-conscious people. The resistant starch content of modified lotus seed flour in this study per 100 g flour in HMT2 was 22.4 g and EP was 19.7 g.; งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาผลของการดัดแปรทางกายภาพและทางเอนไซม์พูลลูลาเนสต่อคุณสมบัติทางเคมีกายภาพ ปริมาณแป้งทนต่อการย่อย และค่าดัชนีน้ำตาลโดยใช้แบบจำลองการย่อยในหลอดทดลอง ผลการทดลองพบว่า ในแป้งดัดแปรแบบร้อนชื้นปริมาณโปรตีนลดลง 2 เท่า เมื่อเทียบกับแป้งเมล็ดบัวควบคุม ปริมาณแอมิโลสของแป้งดัดแปรทุกตัวอย่างเพิ่มขึ้นอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ โดยแป้งดัดแปรแบบร้อนชื้น 2 ชั่วโมงมีปริมาณแอมิโลสสูงที่สุดเท่ากับ 34.57% ส่วนปริมาณแป้งทนต่อการย่อยในทุกตัวอย่างเพิ่มสูงขึ้นเมื่อเทียบกับแป้งเมล็ดบัวควบคุม ยกเว้นแป้งเจลาติไนซ์บางส่วน ค่าการละลายและกำลังการพองตัวมีแนวโน้มลดลงห
The development of social measurement for cultural and integrity behavior of gross national integrity index
(Mahidol University, 2022) Tinapop Pattana; Somboon Sirisunhirun; Somsak Amornsiriphong; Phut Ploywan; Krish Rugchatjaroen; Phudit Tejativaddhana ths
The goal of this research is to construct indicators of social integrity and to synthesis the conceptual framework for calculating the GNII index. In this study, the research methodology focuses on quantitative research with an eye on examining the content of both primary and secondary data. The first step of this research method concentrated on qualitative research employing document research, in-depth interviews, the research technique of sending letters of comments and ideas to the population, as well as the key information from 32 individuals and a 50-person seminar on connoisseurship. Additionally, the quantitative research used in this study was operationalized to test assumptions, provide answers to research study questions, and develop and combine the conceptual framework for calculating the GNII index. The aforementioned study procedure produced the explore and summarized Gross National Integrity Index, GNII of Thai society's citizens of all ages. The research was conducted on Thai adults older than 18 years old, and it used a population sample using Taro Yamane's formula with an exact number of participants and a study procedure that accepts a 0.05 deviation from random sampling. And, the research outcome is represented by the number of population sampling (n) from probability sampling and stratified sampling in both primary data and secondary data, with a total of 202,331 respondents. The results are provided through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Analytical Factor Extraction (AFE) investigations using the Principal Components (PC) technique, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The Gross National Integrity Index (GNII), when analysis by statistical methodology of Likelihood Ratio Chi-Square and χ 2 =43.91 contains the degree of freedom of test 32, and its value is greater than 1, and the p value X 2 comes from the value of probability level 0.07, which is greater than 0.05, was discovered through analysis and research using confirmatory factor analysis. Check a number of harmony, such as the statistical values for CMIN/DF=1.374 (less than 3), RMR=0.002, and RMSEA=0.001 (less than 0.05), including GFI=1.000, AGFI=1.000, NFI=1.000, TLI=1.000, and CFI=1.000 (greater than 0.95). As a result, it is acceptable to adopt the Gross National Integrity Index (GNII) Measurement Model coordinated with empirical data. It is made up of 4 components: 1) Measurement Model No.1 (M1): Model for measuring the latent factor of Values of Integrity of Folkway 2) Measurement Model No.2 (M2): A Model for Measuring the Potential Factors of Social Morality Standard 3) Measurement Model No.3 (M3): Measurement model of potential factors of Folkway and civic duty based on Standard of Core Democracy 4) Measurement Model No.4 (M4): Latent Factor Measurement Model for Attitude and Behavior Dishonesty. The survey's findings reflect the evaluation of Thai people's culture and moral character based on the GNII Index. The people were judged to have the greatest level of culture and integrity in their actions. The score was 81.224 out of 100 when expressed as a percentage score with the weight factor set to 100 percent, with a mean ( Xˉ ) of 4.780 and a standard deviation (SD) of 0.858.; การวิจัยเรื่อง “การพัฒนามาตรวัดทางสังคม สำหรับวัฒนธรรมและพฤติกรรมซื่อสัตย์สุจริตของดัชนีความสุจริตมวลรวมประชาชาติ (GROSS NATIONAL INTEGRITY INDEX : GNII)” มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อสังเคราะห์กรอบแนวคิดในการวัดระดับดัชนี GNII และพัฒนาตัวบ่งชี้ทางสังคมในความซื่อสั
The development of a customer service chatbot for the motorcycle dealers
(Mahidol University, 2023) Apiraya Ammarapal; Prush Sa-nga-ngam; Adisorn Leelasantitham
Mathematical modelling to assess the impacts of cross-border travel controls of Covid-19 pandemic in Thailand
(Mahidol University, 2023) Vidhyakorn Mahd-Adam; Wirichada Pan-ngum; Chawarat Rotejanaprasert; Panithee Thammawijaya
Four components of intervention strategies related to Thailand’s cross-border travel control are (1) assessing risk of infection from departure country, (2) pre-departure screening and requiring of vaccination certificate, (3) point of entry screening and validation of the requirements, and (4) compliance to Thailand’s national quarantine strategies. A cross-border travel control model was developed, incorporating the transmission dynamics of COVID-19. From Our-World-In-Data (OWID) extracted on January 9th, 2022, this research study applied cluster analysis to derive three distinct groups of countries based on vaccination coverage, infection rates and test positivity. For modelling, 863 imported cases per 10 5 travelers per week were estimated in a no intervention scenario. For the optimal strategy where all interventions were implemented by the country of origin i.e., a combination of requiring of vaccination certificate, in a cluster with low infection rate, and immediate testing before departing, the model estimated 157 imported cases per 10 5 travelers per week. Adding workload to Thailand by providing 14-day quarantine will further reduce the number of imported cases to 5 per 10 5 travelers per week. Nevertheless, the model requires adjustments to its clustering algorithm technique to real-time data to enhance the risk assessment of those departure countries. Thailand is considerably dependent on tourism, vulnerable to the negative socio-economic effects of the pandemic. It is crucial to mitigate the effect by prospectively evaluating control measures with additional consideration of international cooperation, economic evaluation, acceptance and satisfaction of travelers, local community, and domestic health system. Adopting data-driven approaches using open access databases to inform public health policy can aid in ensuring integrity, transparency, and adaptability in public health policy decision-making. Implication of thesis: The model can further be used to gain insights into Thailand’s re-opening of its international border or as a tool in preparing for outbreaks and disease control in the future. The results from the modelling will be presented as the number of case importations expected given the re-opening of Thai borders under different intervention strategies.