Mahidol University's Institutional Repository
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Recent Submissions
Solvent-controlled synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon dots from mangosteen peel extract and application in the detection of mercury ions
(2026-01-01) Mekarun J.; Srisaman T.; Watthanaphanit A.; Mekarun J.; Mahidol University
Heavy metal contamination poses serious environmental and health risks, even at trace levels, highlighting the need for efficient and sustainable detection strategies. This study presents a green approach for producing nitrogen-doped carbon dots (CDs) from mangosteen peel extract (MPE)—a widely available agricultural waste—via a one-pot solvothermal method using ethylenediamine as a nitrogen source. By valorizing biomass under mild reaction conditions, this method contributes to the development of sustainable nanomaterials. The effects of solvent polarity (water, ethanol, methanol, and isopropanol) on the structural and optical properties of the resulting CDs were systematically investigated. Solvent-dependent fluorescence behavior was observed, with tunable emissions from blue to greenish-yellow and redshift correlating with decreasing solvent polarity. Comprehensive characterization revealed distinct differences in surface functionalities, aggregation tendencies, and emission profiles, all governed by solvent–precursor interactions. The CDs exhibited selective fluorescence quenching in the presence of Hg2+ ions, showing a linear detection range of 0–20 μM and detection limits between 2.78 and 3.00 μM. Furthermore, the CDs demonstrated reliable Hg2+ detection in real wastewater samples, confirming their potential for practical, equipment-free environmental monitoring. These findings underscore the role of solvent environments in modulating the structure-property relationships of biomass-derived carbon nanomaterials, offering design strategies for resource-based sensing platforms and other functional applications.
A Standardized Extract of Centella asiatica (ECa 233) Protects Against Liver Injury and Fatty Liver in Wild-Type and Beta-Thalassemia Mice With Iron Overload
(2026-01-01) Yatmark P.; Anutagerngkun P.; Huaijantug S.; Tantisira M.H.; Svasti S.; Morales N.P.; Yatmark P.; Mahidol University
Iron overload leads to liver damage by promoting free radical reactions and triggering an inflammatory process. Excess iron has been implicated in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), liver fibrosis, and ultimately liver cancer in thalassemia. Centella asiatica is known for its anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, the effects of a standardized extract of C. asiatica (ECa 233) on liver injury in iron overload were evaluated in comparison with an iron chelator, deferiprone, in wild-type (WT) and beta-globin gene-knockout (BKO) mice. The mice received intraperitoneal injections of iron dextran for 5 days, totaling 100 mg/mouse of iron, followed by daily injections of either deferiprone (80 mg/kg/day) or ECa 233 (20 mg/kg/day) for 10 days. Biochemical and histological analyses revealed that deferiprone and ECa 233 reduced iron accumulation and oxidative stress parameters, TBARs and GPX, in the liver. More significantly, both treatments decreased the levels of serum proinflammatory markers, IL-6 and TNF-α, and improved lipid profiles by lowering serum triglyceride, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. Additionally, ultrasonography demonstrated an improvement in fatty liver associated with iron overload. There was no significant difference in the treatment response between the WT and BKO mice. While deferiprone had a more pronounced effect on the iron parameters than ECa 233, no differences were observed in the other parameters. We hypothesized that the effects of ECa 233 may be primarily due to its anti-inflammatory activity, which in turn affects iron metabolism and reduces the level of labile iron in the liver. Our results suggest that ECa 233 benefits iron-overloaded conditions.
Evaluating English-medium instruction through Q methodology: Insights from a business program
(2026-01-01) Thumvichit A.; Tangkiengsirisin S.; Pan Z.; Thumvichit A.; Mahidol University
Scholars and practitioners have raised concerns regarding the implementation of English-medium instruction (EMI) in higher education, one of which relates to the complete lack of universal guidelines for quality assurance purposes. This study illustrates how the English-Medium Instruction Q Evaluation (EMI-QE), a systematic tool for evaluating EMI components in higher education programs, can be applied in practice. Following the principles of Q methodology, it integrates a forced-distribution data collection technique and by-person factor analysis to systematically identify different stakeholder-experience profiles. A Business Administration program was evaluated with 50 students serving as participants, who sorted 40 statements onto a Q-sort grid and took part in semi-structured interviews. The findings highlight both strengths and areas for improvement, which can be grouped into three main domains: (1) lecturers’ use of English, (2) barriers to classroom participation, and (3) institutional support. Methodological implications are also discussed to demonstrate how the EMI-QE can help bridge the gap between EMI research and practice. The EMI-QE was found to be a useful means for assessing stakeholders’ subjective experiences in a systematic way, which turned them into actionable data for program improvement. It could also be used as a formative tool to guide ongoing development of the program.
Cognition, care, and cultural place-making: Narrative responses across two museum settings
(2026-06-01) Khemthong S.; Boonyakiet C.; Triyarat W.; Chatthong W.; Khemthong S.; Mahidol University
This study examined how two Thai museums—the National Science Museum (NSM) and Museum Siam—function as culturally situated environments that activate autobiographical and embodied memory, supporting emotional well-being and intergenerational connection. Sixty-four participants (32 older adults and 32 caregivers) engaged in a photo-elicitation protocol, photographing exhibits and narrating reflections. Thematic analysis identified four recurring themes: Cultural Anchoring, Civic Consciousness, Nostalgia of Childhood, and Intergenerational Affection. At the NSM, cognitively intact and non-depressed participants demonstrated broader thematic diversity, including future-oriented reflections, whereas participants screened positive for possible mild cognitive impairment or depressive symptoms engaged more narrowly with health literacy and family-related themes. These subgroup patterns are interpreted as exploratory due to small cell sizes. At Museum Siam, dyadic analysis revealed both congruent and divergent storytelling; interpretive differences functioned as relational resources, enriching intergenerational remembering rather than producing conflict. Across sites, emotional expressions—including gratitude, nostalgia, and pride—illustrate how museums spaces mediate memory, identity, and care through place-based experience. By articulating the mechanisms through which spatial design, narrative engagement, and relational interaction intersect, the study contributes to social-scientific understandings of cultural institutions as infrastructures for healthy ageing and community-based social prescribing in diverse contexts.
Strategic Decision-Making in SME Growth: Harnessing Digital Transformation and Innovation in Jordan
(2026-01-01) Alsafadi Y.; Al-Okaily M.; Karim R.; Dhar B.K.; Roshid M.M.; Ramachandaran S.D.; Alsafadi Y.; Mahidol University
Purpose: This study investigates the strategic role of digital transformation (DT), digital innovation (DI), and digital strategy (DS) in enhancing the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Jordan, a developing economy. The research focuses on the mediating influence of digital strategy in translating technological advancements into financial and non-financial organizational outcomes. Design/methodology/approach: A quantitative approach was employed, utilizing cross-sectional survey data from 117 SMEs. The study used partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to examine the relationships among digital transformation, digital innovation, digital strategy, and firm performance. The model was validated with diagnostic tests for reliability, validity, and model fit indices. Findings: The findings reveal significant direct effects of digital transformation and digital innovation on digital strategy. Mediation analysis confirms that digital strategy partially mediates the relationships between digital advancements and performance. For financial and non-financial outcomes, digital strategy enables SMEs to leverage technological resources effectively. The study identifies the potential of strategic digital alignment for sustainable growth in resource-constrained environments. This research explicitly contributes to the field of Decision Sciences by modeling how SMEs optimize digital resources under uncertainty, linking decision-making processes with performance outcomes. Research limitations/implications: The cross-sectional design limits the ability to observe long-term impacts of digital strategies. Moreover, the sample is restricted to Jordanian SMEs, which may limit generalizability. Future longitudinal and cross-country studies are recommended to capture dynamic effects and comparative insights. Practical implications: The research highlights actionable strategies for SME leaders to adopt and align digital technologies with organizational goals. Policymakers are encouraged to design initiatives that support SMEs in overcoming technological and resource barriers. Social implications: Promoting digital transformation in SMEs fosters job creation, innovation, and economic stability, contributing to the broader socio-economic development of emerging economies. Originality/value: This study is original in its context-specific focus on SMEs in a developing economy and differs from prior literature by explicitly demonstrating how digital strategy mediates both financial and non-financial outcomes. By highlighting originality and explicitly situating digital strategy within the Decision Sciences paradigm, the paper shows how structured decision models can guide SMEs in resource-constrained environments.