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Co-immunization with recombinant S5196–272 and S6200–317 proteins for enhanced protective antibody response against Tilapia lake virus in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)
(2025-09-01) Plysup B.; Lueangyangyuen A.; Khrisanapant P.; Senapin S.; Rattanarojpong T.; Somsoros W.; Khunrae P.; Sangsuriya P.; Plysup B.; Mahidol University
Importance of the work: Co-immunization with recombinant S5196–272 and S6200–317 proteins enhances protective immunity and provides insights for future TiLV vaccine development. Objectives: To evaluate the vaccine potential of combined S5196–272 and S6200–317 compared to individual immunization. Materials and Methods: A sample of Nile tilapia was divided into three main groups: immunized with S5196–272 and S6200–317 individually, or co-immunized. Antibody responses were measured weekly using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, with virus neutralization being assessed using a methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability assay. A viral challenge test was conducted to determine the relative percentage of survival (RPS). Results: Co-immunization of the fish with S5196–272 and S6200–317 resulted in a synergistic effect, leading to the higher production of S6200–317-specific antibodies than for immunization with S6200–317 alone. A significant increase in serum antibody levels was observed from 7 d, 21 d, 28 d and 35 d post-co-immunization. In contrast, S5196–272-specific antibodies were generated at consistently high levels following both individual and co-immunization. The MTT cell viability assay findings demonstrated that antibodies from the co-immunization group had the highest virus-neutralizing effect (87.22% viability). Furthermore, the viral challenge assay revealed that the co-immunization group had the highest RPS (57.14%), whereas individual immunization provided no protection effect against TiLV infection. Main finding: Co-immunization with S5196–272 and S6200–317 induced a synergistic antibody response and provided effective protection against TiLV in Nile tilapia.
The impact of adverse childhood experiences on phubbing among college students at a medical university in China: the mediating role of depression and the moderating role of personal social capital
(2026-12-01) Yang Y.; Lai X.; Zhang Y.; Shi Z.; Yan H.; Huang J.; Liu X.; Yang Y.; Mahidol University
Background: The phenomenon of “screen-addicted youth” is becoming increasingly prevalent among Chinese college students. This study examines how Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), Personal Social Capital (PSC) and depression influence phubbing behavior in today’s global digital environment. Methods: A stratified and convenience sampling method was used to survey 1918 college students at a comprehensive medical university in China using the Chinese version of the Revised Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire, the Chinese version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Chinese version of the Generic Scale of Phubbing, and the Chinese version of the Personal Social Capital Scale 8 from October 8, 2024 to November 8, 2024. A moderated mediation model was employed to analyze the mediating effect of depression and the moderating effect of PSC. Results: There were significant positive correlations of phubbing with ACEs (r = 0.433, P < 0.001) and depression (r = 0.531, P < 0.001), while PSC was negatively correlated with phubbing behavior (r = -0.572, P < 0.001). Depression partially mediated the relationship between ACEs and phubbing behavior, with an indirect effect 0.126 (95% CI = 0.111–0.164), accounting for 36.84% of the total effect. PSC not only moderated the direct effect of this relationship (β = -0.087, t = -5.466, P < 0.001), but also moderated the first half of the indirect effect (β = -0.041, t = -2.148, P = 0.026). Conclusions: Depression partially mediates the association between ACEs and phubbing among students at a medical university in China, PSC was negatively associated with phubbing behavior and was linked to a weaker association between ACEs and depression, thereby being indirectly associated with lower levels of phubbing behavior. This study highlights the need for enhanced mental health interventions for Chinese students with high ACEs exposure and the importance of improving PSC.
Symptomatic knee osteoarthritis in older Thai adults: prevalence, risk factors, and associations with osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and fall risk—a nationwide cross-sectional study
(2026-12-01) Vanitcharoenkul E.; Adulkasem N.; Unnanuntana A.; Chotiyarnwong P.; Vanitcharoenkul E.; Mahidol University
Background: Thailand’s rapidly aging population is driving a growing burden of age-related conditions, including knee osteoarthritis (OA), a leading cause of disability in older adults. Nationwide data on symptomatic knee OA and its overlap with osteoporosis and sarcopenia remain limited. We estimated prevalence and risk factors for symptomatic knee OA and quantified concurrent osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and fall risk in community-dwelling older adults across Thailand. Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of data from a cross-sectional survey conducted between March 2021 and August 2022, which employed stratified multistage sampling across six geographic regions of Thailand. Community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 60 years were included. Symptomatic knee OA was diagnosed using American College of Rheumatology clinical criteria. Demographic, clinical, and functional data—including comorbidities, quality of life, and fall risk—were collected. Osteoporosis was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry using World Health Organization criteria, and sarcopenia by bioelectrical impedance analysis with Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. Associations were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. Results: Among 2947 participants (mean age 69.2 years; 63.3% women), the prevalence of symptomatic knee OA was 53.8%. Participants with OA had higher osteoporosis prevalence (31.7% vs. 27.4%; P =.002) but lower sarcopenia prevalence (15.1% vs. 20.6%; P =.002). They reported lower EuroQol 5-Dimension index and visual analog scale scores and more falls and high fall risk. Female sex, older age, and obesity (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2) were independent risk factors. Glucocorticoid exposure was also associated (multivariable odds ratio 2.147; P =.002). Other comorbidities were not independently associated. Conclusions: Symptomatic knee OA affects more than half of Thailand’s older adults and coexists with substantial bone–muscle health burden. These findings support risk-stratified screening; routine osteoporosis assessment within OA care; fall-prevention and weight-management measures; and preoperative bone health optimization for arthroplasty candidates. Prioritizing integrated, multidisciplinary pathways could reduce disability and health care costs in Thailand’s rapidly aging society.
How trustworthy AI fosters adoption and user advocacy in financial advisory services
(2026-12-01) Sungkarungsri P.; Kiattisin S.; Sungkarungsri P.; Mahidol University
In many countries, and particularly in developing economies, the availability of professional financial advisors remains far below what is needed. This shortage leaves large numbers of people without structured support for saving, investment, or retirement planning. Those who do seek out human advisors often report strong trust in their expertise, but they represent only a small portion of society. Recent advances in artificial intelligence have opened a different pathway. AI Financial Advisors are not positioned to replace professionals outright but to act as complementary tools that extend affordable and timely guidance to wider groups. Their acceptance, however, depends on whether people regard such systems as ethical and therefore trustworthy. To investigate this question, the study develops a model that brings together the Stimulus–Organism–Behavior–Consequence (SOBC) framework and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). SOBC is used to trace the process of decision-making: perceptions of ethical design—such as equity and sustainability, privacy and safety, transparency and accountability, shape trust in AI, which then lead to intentions and advocacy. UTAUT complements this by highlighting the role of familiar technology drivers, including effort expectancy, performance expectancy, social influence, and the extent to which users perceive anthropomorphism and personalization in AI systems. Survey data were gathered from 420 employed adults in Thailand who actively use mobile banking applications that incorporate AI-enabled financial advisory features. Results from structural equation modeling confirm that trust in AI acts as the central mechanism. It strongly predicts intention to use and directly influences both word-of-mouth advocacy and customer loyalty. Ethical dimensions that emphasize equity and sustainability, transparency and accountability, privacy and safety strengthen trust. From the technology side, performance expectancy, social influence, and anthropomorphism all had significant effects, while effort expectancy and personalization did not. Overall, the findings show that AI Financial Advisory Services should be understood not only as technological artifacts but as strategic mechanisms for expanding access to financial planning in ways that support inclusion and sustainability. The proposed model connects business strategy with sustainable development and AI governance, offering direction for both policymakers and practitioners in designing advisory systems that are effective in practice and trusted by society.
Tampa scale for kinesiophobia in individuals with knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional psychometric evaluation using item-level and exploratory factor analyses
(2026-12-01) Sakulsriprasert P.; Bunprajun T.; Hengsomboon N.; Hengsomboon P.; Harutaichun P.; Suwanasri C.; Warathanagasame P.; Thammajaree C.; Chocknakawaro A.; Ariyakitsakul N.; Sakulsriprasert P.; Mahidol University
This study evaluated floor and ceiling (F/C) effects within the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) and examined item-level correlations with total TSK scores and pain intensity in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 134 participants diagnosed with KOA. Each TSK item was analyzed to identify F/C effects, with a threshold of 15% set as the criterion for significance. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was employed to assess the relationships between each TSK item and the total TSK score, as well as between each item and pain intensity. Also, an exploratory factor analysis (EFA), a varimax rotation, was performed on the 17 items. Notably, significant floor effects were observed in items 4 and 12, while a ceiling effect was noted in item 13. Statistically significant correlations between individual items and the total TSK score were identified for all items except for items 8, 12, and 16. Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between item 3 and pain intensity. For the EFA analysis, the data were appropriate, the KMO and Bartlett sphericity tests were 0.748 and p < 0.001. the EFA suggests 4 components which explained 53% of the total variance. Items 4, 8, 12, 13, and 16 of the TSK demonstrated either F/C effects. Correlations with the total TSK score were generally non-significant, with values ranging from r = -0.053 to 0.308. For grouping of the items, 4 components are suggested. Therefore, it is recommended that these items may require further evaluation in future adaptations or psychometric evaluations of the TSK for this population.