Mahidol University's Institutional Repository
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Recent Submissions
Characterization of lipase-producing halophilic bacteria and partial purification of lipase from Virgibacillus halodenitrificans SKP5-4
(2025-01-01) Yiamsombut S.; Daroonpunt R.; Namwong S.; Visessanguan W.; Savarajara A.; Tanasupawat S.; Yiamsombut S.; Mahidol University
Aims: The aim of this research was to isolate and characterize lipase-producing halophilic strains and partially purify lipase from Virgibacillus halodenitrificans SKP5-4. Methodology and results: Eighteen strains of moderately halophilic bacteria were isolated from shrimp paste (Ka-pi) in Thailand. Based on the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, ten lipase-producing halophilic bacteria were identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum (SKP1-4), Bacillus salacetis (SKP7-4), Thalassobacillus hwangdonensis (SKP1-5), Staphylococcus saprophyticus subsp. bovis (SKP2-1 and SKP2-3), Oceanobacillus manasiensis (SKP5-5), Allobacillus halotolerans (SKP2-8), Allobacillus salarius (SKP4-8), Allobacillus saliphilus (SKP8-2), and V. halodenitrificans (SKP5-4). Strain SKP5-4 exhibited high lipase production and was selected for partial purification using HitrapTM DEAE FF anion exchange chromatography and 40-60% cold acetone precipitation. The molecular mass of the protein was estimated at 12, 30, 43 and 50 kDa based on Native-PAGE (10% w/v). Optimal conditions for enzyme activity were pH 7.0, temperature 40 °C and 2% (w/v) NaCl. Additionally, the halophilic lipase showed higher activity at low ionic strength and maintained 80% relative activity at 3-9% (w/v) NaCl. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: This study characterized ten moderate halophiles and demonstrated the secretion of halophilic lipases from V. halodenitrificans SKP5-4. The halophilic lipase identified may contribute to the production of volatile fatty acids in shrimp paste, enhancing flavour and aroma.
Hybrid fungal-wetland systems for advanced textile wastewater treatment: a comprehensive review
(2026-04-01) Yang K.M.; Malijan I.; Yang K.M.; Mahidol University
Textile wastewater is one of the most serious environmental concerns threatening ecosystem integrity and public health. Conventional treatment technologies are often costly, energy-intensive, and inefficient at removing complex textile effluents, prompting the search for more sustainable and nature-based solutions. Among these, mycoremediation and constructed wetlands have emerged as promising low-cost and environmentally friendly alternatives. This review covers existing knowledge and recent breakthroughs in the use of fungal-based remediation and constructed wetland systems for textile wastewater treatment. Particular emphasis is placed on the fungal enzymatic degradation mechanisms, including the roles of ligninolytic enzymes, as well as the design of fungal bioreactors that enhance pollutant removal efficiency. Furthermore, the principles of the constructed wetland system, its configuration, and the factors influencing its efficacy have been explored. Finally, the synergistic potential of hybrid systems that integrate fungal bioreactors with constructed wetlands was investigated. This review provides insights and future directions for mycoremediation and constructed wetland research that can be implemented in future studies.
Synthesis, characterization, and mechanistic insights into enhanced photocatalytic tetracycline degradation by zinc-doped ferrite nanoparticles
(2026-03-01) Celik C.; Yasar M.; Alzahrani K.J.; Abbas M.; Ganesan S.; Mujtaba A.; Mishra S.; Sharma J.; Sinha A.; Alzahrani F.M.; Celik C.; Mahidol University
This study presents the first systematic investigation of zinc-doped barium copper aluminum ferrite (ZnXBa0.8-xCu0.2Al0.7Fe1.3O4, (X = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6)) nanocomposites, demonstrating unprecedented multi-element synergistic effects. The nanocomposites were synthesized via sol-gel auto-combustion and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR, SEM-EDX, BET, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM–EDX), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and other techniques. The novel findings revealed that increasing the Zn content systematically decreased the crystallite size (from 35.746 to 24.197 nm) and reduced the lattice parameters (from 8.4625 to 8.3915 Å), indicating successful Zn incorporation into the spinel structure. BET analysis showed an increase in the surface area (18.86 to 43.75 m²/g) and pore volume (0.039 to 0.088 cm³/g) with increasing Zn concentration in the catalyst. Remarkably, the optimized Zn₀.₆Ba₀.₂Cu₀.₂Al₀.₇Fe₁.₃O₄ catalyst achieved 97.67% tetracycline degradation efficiency within 140 min, a significant improvement over undoped ferrites (66.70%), with superior quantum efficiency (1.25 × 10−6 molecules/photon) and space-time yield (1.25 × 10⁻⁷ molecules/photon). The broad-spectrum efficacy of the catalyst was demonstrated by the effective degradation of diverse pollutants: ciprofloxacin (87.34%), atrazine (84.54%), methylene blue (63.56%), and methyl orange (52.54%). Breakthrough performance was achieved when combined with peroxymonosulfate (PMS), enabling complete tetracycline removal within 40 min, compared to persulfate (120 min) and hydrogen peroxide (80 min). Mechanistic studies identified superoxide and hydroxyl radicals as the primary reactive species, and exceptional stability (78.23% activity retention after eight cycles) was demonstrated. These findings address the critical global water scarcity challenges affecting 2.3 billion people, offering a sustainable solution for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment through innovative multi-element catalyst designs. (Figure presented.)
Missing assent: a global systematic review of ethical practices in HIV research with men who have sex with men (MSM) under 18
(2026-12-01) Waratworawan W.; Witzel T.C.; Lim S.H.; Guadamuz T.E.; Waratworawan W.; Mahidol University
Background: Ethical safeguards are critical in HIV research involving minors, especially vulnerable groups such as men who have sex with men (MSM) under 18 years. This systematic review explores how informed assent and consent practices are reported, guided by the 2016 Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS) guidelines. Methods: A systematic review was conducted of peer-reviewed studies from 2010 to 2023 involving MSM under 18 years, using PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases. Key ethical components were extracted and synthesized thematically. Results: Of 410 articles screened, 65 met inclusion criteria. All included studies reported informed consent, but only 20% (n = 13) included informed assent. Most were conducted in high-income countries (64%), with no representation from low-income settings. Only 7% involved minors living with HIV. Quantitative methods were predominant (82%), and 20% used online platforms. Waivers of parental permission were reported in 27% of studies, while only 3% obtained parental permission. Four studies described tailored consent/assent approaches, such as simplified language, comprehension checks, and involvement of minor advocates. Conclusion: This review highlights inconsistencies in how informed assent is addressed in HIV research involving MSM minors. Only one in five studies described ethically appropriate, youth-tailored processes. Limited use of waivers and adapted assent procedures points to ongoing gaps in aligning research with ethical standards. Future studies should adopt clearer, age-appropriate consent practices, ensure transparent reporting, and strengthen researcher training in ethics involving vulnerable minors.
A comprehensive review of postharvest preservation, valorization, and functional food applications of barhi date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)
(2026-01-01) Fikry M.; Alqahtani N.; Ali S.A.; Ghazzawy H.S.; Makki H.; Dinar H.; Umar M.; Fikry M.; Mahidol University
Barhi date palm fruits (BDP), and particularly at the Khalal stage, are highly perishable and exhibit a short postharvest life, despite their high nutritional and commercial value. This review summarizes the recent advances aimed at extending BDP shelf life and improving marketability. It emphasizes integrated preservation strategies that combine thermal and non-thermal technologies, in conjunction with edible coatings and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) to maintain quality and delay deterioration. Beyond preservation, this review discusses the transformation of BDP fruits into value-added products particularly in functional food applications. Bioactive compounds naturally present in BDP enhance the nutritional and functional properties of foods, serving a fat replacers in meat products or fiber enrichers in baked goods. Thevalorization of processing by-products, particularly seeds, is also highlighted, as they contain oils and phenolic compounds with antioxidant and nutraceutical potential. These components can be converted into functional ingredients, supporting sustainable production and a circular bioeconomy. Overall, maximizing BDP utilization requires a comprehensive approach integrating innovative product development, effective preservation technologies, and sustainable by-product management. Such strategies reduce waste, increase economic returns andmeet the growing consumer demand for health-oriented and sustainable food products.