Mahidol University's Institutional Repository
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Recent Submissions
Serum Proteomic Analysis Using Gel-Based Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Reveals Differences Between Canine Oral Malignancies and Non-Malignant Conditions
(2026-05-01) Ploypetch S.; Roytrakul S.; Jaresitthikunchai J.; Phaonakrop N.; Suriyaphol G.; Ploypetch S.; Mahidol University
BACKGROUND: Canine oral cancers are difficult to manage due to complex biology and a lack of non-invasive biomarkers. Proteomic approaches, particularly gel-based liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GeLC-MS/MS), have been used on tissue and saliva, but serum remains obscure despite its clinical accessibility and ability to reflect systemic disease. OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated GeLC-MS/MS for serum proteomic profiling in canine oral malignancies, compared to benign and healthy conditions. METHODS: We analysed 62 serum samples from dogs with oral melanoma (OM, n = 28), oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC, n = 10), benign tumours (BN, n = 12) and controls (healthy/periodontitis, n = 12) using GeLC-MS/MS-based proteomics. RESULTS: Significant protein expression differences emerged across groups. In OM and OSCC, phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) was upregulated, while ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 3 (OAZ3), centriolar coiled-coil protein 110 (CCP110), non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase 8 (NEK8), receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F (PTPRF) and interleukin 23 receptor (IL23R) were downregulated. These proteins are linked to critical pathways, including insulin signalling, insulin resistance, adherens junctions and cell cycle regulation, highlighting their roles in cancer progression and showing potential interactions with common chemotherapy drugs like doxorubicin, cisplatin and cyclophosphamide. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that GeLC-MS/MS-based serum proteomics can successfully identify candidate biomarkers for canine oral malignancies. The discovery of these protein signatures represents promising diagnostic and prognostic targets, with the potential to guide chemotherapeutic selection and improve clinical outcomes in dogs with oral cancer.
A village health worker intervention to reduce cardiovascular disease risk in remote areas of armed conflict in Myanmar–results from a feasibility study in three villages
(2026-12-01) Ramachandran A.; Thwe S.M.; Win C.Z.; Htet N.L.; Myint S.K.; Mon Myint N.E.; Zaw N.T.; Goyal R.; Win Z.M.; Phyo Aung Z.Y.; Traill T.; Richards A.K.; Parmar P.; Ramachandran A.; Mahidol University
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death in low-income countries and those affected by armed conflict, including Myanmar. Community health worker interventions can effectively address CVD risk factors in low-income countries but have not been tested among displaced populations in active conflict zones. Objectives: We conducted a feasibility study of a village health worker (VHW) care model to identify individuals at high CVD risk and deliver care in conflict-affected regions of Karen State, Myanmar. This study was conducted by an international non-governmental organization collaborating with a regional local health organization. Methods: Following a village census, trained VHWs and medics screened individuals age ≥ 40 for CVD risk factors in three villages. Eligible individuals had HTN, diabetes, calculated CVD risk > 10%, or history of heart attack or stroke, confirmed during a second visit 1–2 weeks later. VHWs visited households every 3–6 weeks for 2 months to monitor blood pressure, glucose, medication adherence/side effects, and deliver medic-prescribed medications. Feasibility evaluation centered on reach, adoption, and acceptability. Outcomes included CVD risk factor prevalence, recruitment and retention, medication initiation/adherence, changes in hypertension control, and adverse outcomes. VHW and medic focus group discussions and study participant interviews were conducted. Results: CVD teams screened 294 individuals, conducted confirmatory visits with 132, enrolled all 97 eligible participants, and completed two home visits with 94 patients. Several prescription errors were made, halting medication initiation; root cause analysis identified opportunities to improve pre-testing of electronic tools and strengthen clinician CVD training. The proportion of eligible participants receiving antihypertensive or statin medications increased from 23% to 56%. Among those with HTN, the proportion achieving blood pressure control < 140/90 mmHg increased from 22.9% to 65.7%. Qualitative assessment revealed support for the care model and opportunities to improve training and streamline clinical protocols. Conclusions: Our study suggests a VHW care model for CVD in remote villages in Myanmar experiencing armed conflict is feasible and can increase medication access. Opportunities exist to simplify CVD treatment guidelines and augment training and support of local providers. Findings informed a cluster randomized controlled trial to test the impact of a modified VHW care model on medication adherence, CVD risk, and cost. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06819839, retrospectively registered 27 October 2024.
The Effects of Home-Based Strengthening Calf Muscle Exercise Program with Graduated Compression Stockings on Disease Severity, Muscle and Joint Function, and Quality of Life Among People with Chronic Venous Insufficiency: A Randomized Controlled Trial
(2026-04-01) Sisayanarane K.; Chaiviboontham S.; Pokpalagon P.; Kittitirapong N.; Sonpee C.; Sisayanarane K.; Mahidol University
Background: Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is characterized by venous dysfunction in the lower extremities, leading to increased venous pressure, edema, and reduced quality of life. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the additional effect of a structured home-based calf muscle strengthening exercise program when combined with standard compression therapy, by comparing disease severity, musculoskeletal function, and quality of life over time between patients receiving compression therapy alone and those receiving combined intervention. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in 50 patients with CVI (CEAP C3–C5), who were assigned to an experimental group (n = 25) and a control group (n = 25). Outcomes were assessed at baseline, week 6, and week 12. Disease severity was measured using the Revised Venous Clinical Severity Score (rVCSS), and swelling, muscle, and joint function were assessed using calf muscle strength and ankle range of motion. Quality of life outcomes were assessed using the chronic venous disease quality of life questionnaire (CIVIQ-20). Data were analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA. This trial was registered retrospectively at the Thai Clinical Trials Registry (registration number: TCTR20260307002). Results: Significant group × time interaction effects were observed for disease severity (right leg: F = 81.562, p < 0.001, η2p = 0.630; left leg: F = 73.765, p < 0.001, η2p = 0.606), indicating greater improvement in the experimental group over time. Calf muscle strength significantly increased in the experimental group (right leg: F = 395.246, p < 0.001, η2p = 0.892; left leg: F = 87.278, p < 0.001, η2p = 0.645). Ankle range of motion also improved significantly (p < 0.001). Quality of life showed significant improvement with a group × time interaction effect (F = 66.104, p < 0.001, η2p = 0.579). Conclusions: A structured home-based calf muscle strengthening exercise program combined with compression therapy produced significant improvements in disease severity, musculoskeletal function, and quality of life over time, demonstrating an additive therapeutic effect in patients with CVI.
Sierra BioScience: market selection for expansion of its patented melioidosis test kit
(2026-04-10) Suprawan L.; Racela O.C.; Suprawan L.; Mahidol University
Learning outcomes – The use of this case by instructors allows students to identify and analyze market opportunities and industry competition relevant to small industry contenders such as Sierra Bioscience of Thailand. This case also allows for a productive discussion about the different growth strategies that a resource-constrained company like Sierra can consider and pursue. After working through the assignment questions, students will be able to: identify entrepreneurial capability and organizational capability; analyze a firm’s market position within an industry or strategic group; identify market opportunities; and evaluate strategic growth opportunities and their implications on a small firm’s resources. Case overview/synopsis – This case takes place during early 2025 and explores the international market expansion dilemma faced by Nelynya Thanasithiariyaporn, the Deputy Managing Director at Sierra Bioscience C. Ltd. (Sierra), a Thailand-based biotechnology firm that had recently patented its MUTM Melioidosis Antibody Test Kit, one of the first commercially available rapid diagnostics for melioidosis. After months of analyzing melioidosis incidence rates, regulatory hurdles, and market opportunities, Nelynya was faced with making a pivotal decision: where should Sierra expand first? With limited financial and operational resources, along with a mission to address a neglected tropical disease, Sierra must weigh the benefits and challenges of expanding beyond its home market of Thailand into countries such as Malaysia, India, Australia or China. The right move could establish Sierra as a global leader in melioidosis diagnostics, while the wrong one could stretch their resources too thin and stall their momentum. This case challenges students to apply international market selection frameworks, evaluate competitive positioning and develop a data-driven expansion strategy balancing opportunity size, risk and feasibility. Complexity academic level – This case is suitable for advanced undergraduate or MBA courses in International Marketing, Entrepreneurship, Marketing Strategy, Technology Commercialization and Small Business Management. It emphasizes key concepts such as environmental assessment, market segmentation, targeting and positioning (STP) and strategic growth decisions. Supplementary materials – Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes. Subject code – CSS8: Marketing
HOW USERS PERCEIVE META-ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC EVALUATIONS
(2026-01-01) Veettil S.K.; Mahmood A.; Meraz M.; Youngkong S.; Dhippayom T.; Chaiyakunapruk N.; Veettil S.K.; Mahidol University
Background: Meta-analysis of economic evaluations (MAEE), particularly using the incremental net benefit approach, enables quantitative synthesis of cost-effectiveness evidence and may support policy decisions. However, little is known about users’ perceptions or practical utility of MAEEs. This study examined end users’ perceptions and applicability of MAEE findings in real-world decision-making. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among individuals attending an ISPOR Real-World Evidence Summit 2025 breakout session on MAEEs. The survey collected data on respondent characteristics, prior awareness and experience with MAEEs, perceived usefulness, potential applications, and likelihood of future use. Responses were summarized using descriptive statistics, and associations between participant characteristics and perceptions were analysed using chi-square tests and odds ratios (95 percent CI). Results: A total of seventy-six participants completed the survey. Most respondents were from the WHO South-East Asia Region (72 percent) and represented Industry/Pharma/MedTech (36 percent) or Academia/Research (34 percent). Perceptions were generally positive: 78 percent considered MAEEs ‘definitely’ or ‘possibly’ beneficial, and 55 percent indicated they would likely or very likely use MAEEs in policymaking. MAEEs were perceived as useful for highlighting variation across studies, reducing single-study bias, and improving precision when multiple EEs exist on the same topic within a country. Potential users included national health authorities, policymakers, hospitals/insurers, and countries with limited EE capacity. No significant associations were observed between respondent characteristics and perceived benefits or likelihood of use (p > 0.05). Conclusion: MAEEs are well-received by participants. Larger surveys and qualitative studies are needed to explore context-specific applicability, refine methodology, and enhance their utility across diverse settings.