Mahidol University's Institutional Repository
คลังสารสนเทศสถาบันของมหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล
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การแปลคาศัพท์ทางวัฒนธรรมในหนังสือการ์ตูนแนววิทยาศาสตร์เชิงแฟนตาซี เรื่อง “Venom-first host” (2018) จากภาษาอังกฤษเป็นภาษาไทย
(มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล, 2564) อภิษฎา วินิจชัยนันท์; ขวัญจิต ศศิวงศาโรจน์; ธีรพงษ์ บุญรักษา
การศึกษานี้ มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษากลวิธี ปัญหาและการแก้ไขปัญหาในการแปลคำศัพท์ทางวัฒนธรรมในหนังสือการ์ตูนแนววิทยาศาสตร์เชิงแฟนตาซีเรื่อง “Venom-First Host” (2018) จำนวน 2 บท เนื้อเรื่องโดยไมค์ คอสต้า ภาพประกอบโดยมาร์ก แบกเลย์ การศึกษาครั้งนี้เป็นการวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพที่เน้นการวิเคราะห์เนื้อหาเป็นหลัก ผู้วิจัยได้แปลคำพูดและคำบรรยายในตัวบทด้วยตนเอง โดยใช้แนวคิดของ ยูจีน ไนด้า (1964) ในการจัดประเภทคำศัพท์ทางวัฒนธรรมที่พบ และใช้แนวคิดของ ฮาเวียร์ ฟรังโก ไอชีล่า (1996) ร่วมกับแนวคิดการปรับบทของ สัญฉวี สายบัว (2542) เป็นแนวทางในการแปลและการแก้ไขปัญหาที่พบในการแปลผลการศึกษาพบการใช้กลวิธีทั้งหมด 6 กลวิธี ดังนี้ 1) การถ่ายเสียง (ร้อยละ 32.73) 2) การใช้กลวิธีการแปลสองกลวิธีร่วมกัน (ร้อยละ 25.45) ได้แก่ ก) การถ่ายเสียงและการเติมคุณลักษณะ (ร้อยละ 16.36) ข) การใช้คำพ้องความหมายและการเติมคำอธิบาย (ร้อยละ 3.64) ค) การใช้คำที่สื่อความหมายเป็นกลางและการเติมคำอธิบาย (ร้อยละ 3.64) และ ง) การแทนที่ด้วยคำศัพท์วัฒนธรรมในภาษาปลายทางและการเติมคุณลักษณะ (ร้อยละ 1.82) 3) การแทนที่ด้วยคำศัพท์ทางวัฒนธรรมในภาษาปลายทาง (ร้อยละ 21.82) 4) การใช้คำพ้องความหมาย (ร้อยละ 9.09) 5) การใช้คำที่สื่อความหมายเป็นกลาง (ร้อยละ 5.45) และ 6) การแปลตรงตัว (ร้อยละ 5.45)ผู้วิจัยใช้กลวิธีการแปลด้วยการถ่ายเสียงมากที่สุด เนื่องจากตัวบทเป็นงานเขียนแนววิทยาศาสตร์เชิงแฟนตาซี ซึ่งมีคำที่เป็นชื่อเฉพาะของสิ่งใหม่ที่ไม่มีปรากฏในวัฒนธรรมใด จึงยังไม่มีคำศัพท์บัญญัติในภาษาไทยที่เทียบเคียงความหมายได้ ปัญหาหลักที่พบในการศึกษานี้ ได้แก่ คุณลักษณะเฉพาะของตัวบทที่มีคำใหม่ และความ
Developing a competency model for user experience designers in the digital age
(Mahidol University, 2021) Atthaves Borriraklert; Supaporn Kiattisin; Adisorn Leelasantitham; Theeraya Mayakul
The digital era has influenced the whole global economy and its job market. This environment has changed many existing jobs' mandatory skills and created many new job positions. User experience (UX) designer is an emerging career that many businesses seek for UX designers to develop users' experience and satisfaction in using their products, services, and systems. Although the discipline in the user experience design has been developed for decades, there is no consensus for its competencies. This research aims to develop the competency model for the UX designer in the digital era who has well-rounded knowledge, skills, and attitudes regarding the value creation for today's business climate. The elements of the UX competency model were extracted through a systematic literature review based on the fields of design and human-computer interaction as they are the origin of the UX doctrine. Content and thematic analyses, based on the grounded theory technique were deployed to cluster those diverse elements into distinct units that illustrates the well-rounded competency model for the UX designer. The model evaluation was performed through 25 experts' judgment from the snowball sampling technique, then measured with content validity index (CVI) and the modified kappa statistics. The results of the competency model development are nine units and 63 elements of competency. The CVI indicated that the model has content validity. The modified kappa statistics confirmed the reliability of the model evaluation at the item-level, and Cronbach's alpha demonstrated the model's reliability at the scale-level. The units of competency can be classified into three types of competencies through a two-tailed T-test compared with the model average. The core competencies for the UX designers were design research and usability value. The functional competencies were design principle, design process, aesthetic value, information art, business acumen, and project management. The cross-functional competency was information technology. The findings illustrated three types of competencies for the UX designers. The core competencies (design research, and usability value) are mandatory for the UX designers since they must empathize with users' pain points, gain users' insight, and create the solutions that possess usability. The functional competencies are the abilities of the UX designers to complete their given jobs. Finally, the cross-functional competency is information technology that benefits the UX designers to work with a multidisciplinary or cross-functional team in the digital industry. The derived UXD competency model illustrated every dimension in the well-rounded proficiencies needed for the UX designers in the digital age. The model covered the UXD tasks and contexts in the digital age, and can be generalized for human resource development as a framework for the UXD job analysis in a design or technology organization.
Precarity and informality in the Labour platform : the social protection recommendation for motorcycle taxi drivers
(Mahidol University, 2021) Kritsada Theerakosonphong; Somsak Amornsiriphong; Narumol Nirathorn; Nopraenue Sajjarax Dhirathiti; Somboon Sirisunhirun; Krish Rugchatjaroen
In the current situation, motorcycle taxi drivers are confronted with the consequences of ride-hailing apps for passengers, a lack of legal promotion and development, and a lack of social protection. The research objectives are to examine the gaps in social protection and the impacts of platform and adaptability, and to offer initial policy recommendations in strengthening the social protection system. The research approach is a mixed methods, with data collected from motorcycle taxi drivers in three areas of Bangkok, including cultural preservation and tourism promotion areas, business and commercial areas, and residential areas, totaling 400 sample as well as the interviews with 15 case studies on occupation and income characteristic and another case of participant observation. After that, a meta-synthesis of knowledge of informal workers and social protection and 14 articles for a database to provide social protection recommendations combined with the data from the interviews with 23 stakeholders were conducted. As a result of the research, the following main findings were reached: (1) passenger services via application are a cause of conflict with multiple actor, and no one bears responsibility; (2) public sectors should encourage participation in order to strengthen the informal workers because informality is hidden formality, which is a source of corruption by influential people, both government officials and non-government officials; and (3) although the motorcycle taxi drivers do not currently have social protection coverage, this study found a link between formalization via a public welfare card and short-term measures during the COVID-19 pandemic; Finally, consider the following research suggestions: (1) reviewing the sub-commission authority of the BMA Announcement because the representatives in five areas of the Bangkok Land Transport Office have authority beyond the scope of the law; (2) the Department of Land Transport should clearly prepare the pathway in solving the passenger service the applications; (3) the public sector should have regulations in place to monitor and control platform providers based on fairness to stakeholders; and (4) the Ministry of Labour and the Ministry of Social Development and Human Security should review the existing welfare programs and design new schemes based on new employment patterns in the future of work.
The development of the state policy and administration on co-operative and its effect to co-operative movement in Thailand : the study of the past 100 years and present situations, and future direction
(Mahidol University, 2019) Kultida Singsee; Chokechai Suttawet; Gamolporn Sonsri; Ratthasirin Wangkanond
This study aims 1) to study the history and evolution of co-operatives in Thailand and the roles of the state that are associated with co-operatives in Thailand in the past century, 2) to study problems and evaluation performance of co-operatives in Thailand including problems of government agencies that take charge for promoting and supervising co-operatives, and 3) to seek suggestions and guidance to improving co-operative policies, roles of government and co-operatives performance in Thailand. The study was a mixed method research. Data were collected using interview and the focus group with 56 people who have been involved in the co-operative as government officer, co-operative officer and the representative of apex co-operative organization and a questionnaire survey with 300 representatives of 7 types of co-operative. In addition, data from documents and statistics were collected. The research results found that the pattern and origin of the notion of a co-operative established in Thailand were like others developing countries which have state as a leader to bring the notion of co-operative, distribute and establish co-operatives. The roles of the government were the promoter, advisor, supervisor, and regulator. The pattern of government administration with Thai co-operative in the past century kept changing as the role of promoter or supervisor. Concerning the problems of co-operative, it was found that most Thai co-operatives gave importance to the financial business. Therefore, they could not serve the need and help members in other dimensions. The members did not have a joint business with co-operative, and several co-operatives focused on seeking more profit to share with their members. Regarding the performance of the Thai co-operative compliance with co-operative principles, it was found that the operation of Thai co-operative did not follow the international co-operative principle in several aspects, especially on the first, fourth and six topics. The problem of the government agencies that are responsible for promoting and supervising co-operatives was found that there was a no clear policy to support the co-operative to be autonomous and self-reliance. The problems of insufficient officer, lack of business skill, and the fear of using discretionary powers affected the change of government officer role from promoter to controller or inspector, especially the co-operatives where misconduct and corruption were found. The suggestion from this research is that the co-operative law be amended by adjusting the roles of government as well as encouraging a strong co-operative apex organization to play a major role in their associations.
Participatory communication through social media for creating positive attitudes of society toward persons with disabilities
(Mahidol University, 2020) Ratirot Chansomdee; Tavee Cheausuwantavee; Paranee Visuttipun; Metta Vivatananukul
This study used multiphase-design mixed methods research, by focusing on participatory action research (PAR) with 20 key stakeholders, including persons with disabilities (PWDs), evaluated by a pre- and post-test, namely Attitude Towards Disabled Persons (ATDP): Scale form A, with 45 Facebook users with Attitude Test ATDP-A. All participants were both selected by purposive sampling and volunteers. The main objective of the study was to develop media for creating more positive attitudes towards PWDs through their sharing, discussion, and working in the PAR group. The developed media was a short-film named, "Just Blind," aimed to cultivate general people’s perception towards PWDs as normalcy, diversity, and without excessive admiration as super-heroes through the Emic approach. From the study, it was found that the dynamic of PAR could increase participants’ awareness, a sense of belonging, empowerment of PWDs, and transformative learning. Significantly, it enhanced the positive attitudes of Facebook users toward PWDs. The findings reflect that the creation of effective media for enhancing positive attitudes toward PWDs should be conducted by a diversity of stakeholders, including PWDs, and display PWDs’ normal daily life rather than their extreme positive or negative living.