Mahidol University's Institutional Repository
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Recent Submissions
Bee pollen-derived peptide with dual DPP-IV Inhibition and glucose transport modulation
(2026-12-01) Mongkolnkrajang U.; Kuptawach K.; Sangtanoo P.; Saisavoey T.; Boonserm P.; Reamtong O.; Srimongkol P.; Karnchanatat A.; Mongkolnkrajang U.; Mahidol University
This study investigates the potential of bee pollen protein hydrolysate (BPPH) as a natural source of bioactive peptides capable of inhibiting dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. BPPH was generated through pepsin–pancreatin digestion, followed by ultrafiltration and RP-HPLC purification. LC-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis identified Ala-Thr-His-Ala-Leu-Leu-Ala (ATHALLA, AA-7) as a predominant peptide associated with DPP-IV inhibitory activity. AA-7 exhibited strong DPP-IV inhibitory activity (IC50 = 52.63 ± 2.32 µM) relative to the reference inhibitor diprotin A (IC50 = 22.4 ± 1.29 µM). Molecular docking predicted stable binding of AA-7 within the DPP-IV catalytic pocket, mediated by hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions with key residues. AA-7 also modulated glucose uptake in Caco-2 cells, influencing SGLT1 and GLUT2 gene expression in a dose-dependent manner. Docking analysis suggested potential interactions with selected SGLT1 and GLUT2 residues, providing structural support for the observed cellular responses rather than definitive mechanistic evidence. In silico ADMET analysis indicated poor passive membrane permeability and limited predicted intestinal absorption, along with minimal CYP450 interactions and low predicted toxicity, highlighting potential pharmacokinetic limitations while supporting a favorable safety profile. These findings highlight AA-7 as a dual-action peptide with demonstrated DPP-IV inhibitory activity and the ability to modulate glucose transport in vitro, supporting the potential of bee-pollen-derived peptides for glycemic regulation and functional food or nutraceutical applications.
Practical Aspects of Edge-Cloud Platform for Health and Wellbeing
(2025-01-01) Borwarnginn P.; Sa-Nguansook K.; Thongpakdee N.; Lertkijroongreung N.; Kusakunniran W.; Haga J.; Borwarnginn P.; Mahidol University
This paper presents the lessons learned in deploying an edge-to-cloud-based platform to support the health and well-being of the elderly. Data was collected from various sensors in different formats and converted on edge devices into suitable types for further processing. We implemented and compared multiple architectural approaches for data analysis using Amazon Web Services (AWS). The results were visualized as interactive graphs on a web browser interface, achieving an average response time of around 7 seconds. Our study highlights performance considerations, architectural choices, and practical insights, offering best practices for the efficient deployment of cloud-based services in elderly care applications.
Chlorinated Paraffins in Global Air: First Results from the GAPS and GAPS-Megacities Networks
(2026-02-13) Saini A.; Kutarna S.; Niu S.; Mohindra M.; Schuster J.K.; Mastin J.; Eng A.; Harner T.; Yates A.; Sweetman A.J.; Jiménez B.; Manzano C.A.; Gaga E.O.; Stevenson G.; Alharbi H.A.; Falandysz J.; Lee J.E.; Miglioranza K.S.B.; Tominaga M.; Jariyasopit N.; Rojas N.Y.; Amador-Muñoz O.; Forbes P.; Alani R.; Iyer S.R.; Lee S.B.; Nishino T.; Shoeib T.; Jans U.; Qiu X.; Cheng Z.; Saini A.; Mahidol University
This study presents the first global data set of measured chlorinated paraffins (CPs), including short-chain (SCCPs), medium-chain (MCCPs), and long-chain chlorinated paraffins (LCCPs) in ambient air, derived from a single coordinated sampling network, i.e., the Global Atmospheric Passive Sampling (GAPS) network, using a passive sampling approach. Concentrations exhibited pronounced regional disparities, with the combined levels in two megacities─Lagos, Nigeria (512,000 pg/m3) and Beijing, China (258,000 pg/m3) exceeding by more than 1.5-fold the combined total levels observed across the rest of the world (∼459,000 pg/m3). Evidence of long-range atmospheric transport was observed at remote sites in western Canada (Little Fox Lake and Whistler), influenced by trans-Pacific air trajectories during the sampling period. These findings underscore the substantial global heterogeneity in the spatial distribution of CPs and the heavily disproportionate contributions of a few regions. Notably, the major producers/emitters, such as China, had several years of delay in ratifying the SCCP listing under the Stockholm Convention (Annex A, elimination since 2017 for congeners with > 48% chlorine content), and some countries have yet to ratify. Without the timely implementation of regulatory measures in these jurisdictions, global concentrations are expected to remain stagnant or even increase if emissions persist at current levels. These results further suggest that substantial time lags are likely before measurable declines in SCCP concentrations, and potentially in recently listed MCCPs, are observed even in regions where control measures are already in place. Hence, this global data set serves as a baseline for future assessments of temporal and spatial trends.
Low necessity, high overuse: revisiting empirical vancomycin practices for children in low MRSA prevalence settings
(2026-12-01) Nithirungruang P.; Techasaensiri C.; Boonsathorn S.; Chaisavaneeyakorn S.; Apiwattanakul N.; Nithirungruang P.; Mahidol University
Background: The overuse of vancomycin as empirical therapy ranged from 62% to 66% worldwide, while the prevalence of proven infections requiring vancomycin was only 11% to 27%. Evidence from Thailand where the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection is low and remains limited. This study aimed to determine the incidence of confirmed infections requiring vancomycin as definitive therapy among children aged 1 month-18 years receiving vancomycin as empirical therapy, and to identify factors associated with vancomycin necessity. Methods: A single-centre retrospective cohort study was performed, which included 532 children receiving at least one dose of vancomycin as empirical therapy at a university hospital during 2014–2024. Demographic data, provisional diagnosis, ICU admission, haemodynamic status, presence of central venous catheters, and microbiological results were collected. Factors associated with proven infections requiring vancomycin were determined by multivariable log-binomial regression. Results: Only 29 of 510 (5.68%) patients who had empirical treatment with vancomycin truly needed vancomycin as definitive treatment. Provisional diagnosis of device-associated infection, especially cerebrospinal fluid shunt (RR 6.97, 95%CI 2.92–16.63), and intra-abdominal infection following liver transplantation (RR 4.95, 95%CI 1.97–12.48), were significantly associated with proven infections requiring vancomycin in multivariable analysis. Febrile neutropenia, haemodynamic instability, and the presence of central venous catheters were not significantly associated with vancomycin necessity in univariate analysis. Conclusions: In a setting with a low prevalence of MRSA infection, most patients who received empirical vancomycin were subsequently found not to require it, highlighting the potential for more targeted empirical vancomycin use, such as patients with cerebrospinal fluid shunts or post-liver transplantation intra-abdominal infections.
TraceCraft: A Tool for ISO/IEC 29110 Traceability Management
(2025-01-01) Khumto N.; Tomyim P.; Thonguran P.; Choetkiertikul M.; Ragkhitwetsagul C.; Sangaroonsilp P.; Palakvangsa-Na-Ayudhya S.; Sunetnanta T.; Khumto N.; Mahidol University
The software development process produces interdependent artifacts, including requirements, designs, code components, and test cases. Traceability records link these artifacts across stages to ensure that requirements are implemented in design, realized in code, and verified through testing. Maintaining such links is essential for quality, compliance, and efficient change management, but it is often time-consuming, and many existing tools lack comprehensive traceability support tailored for small projects. We present TraceCraft, a web-based platform designed to manage traceability and change tracking in alignment with ISO/IEC 29110, a standard widely adopted in Thailand to improve the quality of software in very small entities. TraceCraft streamlines artifact linkage, supports systematic verification and validation, and provides automated change impact tracking to maintain consistency across development stages. The platform offers visual indicators and detailed reports to highlight missing links, outdated items, and dependencies requiring attention, enabling teams to address potential issues early. In a usability study with nine practitioners in Thailand, TraceCraft achieved an average System Usability Scale (SUS) score of 73.17, indicating good usability and positive feedback, particularly for reducing the effort and complexity of maintaining ISO/IEC 29110-compliant traceability. A video demonstration is available at https://bit.ly/tracecraft.